Kempf Werner, Mertz Kirsten D, Kanitakis Jean, Hofbauer Günther F L
Kempf and Pfaltz, Histological Diagnostics, University Hospital Zürich, Seminarstrasse 1, Zürich, Switzerland.
Curr Probl Dermatol. 2012;43:18-35. doi: 10.1159/000335144. Epub 2012 Feb 17.
Organ transplant recipients (OTR) are at significantly increased risk to develop a wide variety of skin cancers, particularly epithelial skin cancer, Merkel cell carcinoma and Kaposi's sarcoma. In addition, melanoma, skin adnexal neoplasm and cutaneous lymphomas are more common in OTR and may differ in their clinicopathological presentation from tumors in immunocompetent patients. The accuracy of clinical diagnosis of suspected premalignant and malignant skin lesions in OTR is modest. Therefore, histopathological diagnosis is an essential element for the diagnostic workup of skin cancers, and additionally provides important information on prognosis. This review discusses the histopathological aspects of skin cancers in OTR, the impact of dermatopathological analysis on prognosis and understanding of the pathogenesis of these neoplasms.
器官移植受者（OTR）患多种皮肤癌的风险显著增加，尤其是上皮性皮肤癌、默克尔细胞癌和卡波西肉瘤。此外，黑色素瘤、皮肤附属器肿瘤和皮肤淋巴瘤在OTR中更为常见，其临床病理表现可能与免疫功能正常患者的肿瘤有所不同。OTR中疑似癌前和恶性皮肤病变的临床诊断准确性一般。因此，组织病理学诊断是皮肤癌诊断检查的重要组成部分，此外还能提供有关预后的重要信息。本综述讨论了OTR皮肤癌的组织病理学方面、皮肤病理学分析对预后的影响以及对这些肿瘤发病机制的理解。
