Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Neuroendocrinology. 2013;97(1):26-34. doi: 10.1159/000336084. Epub 2012 Feb 29.
Most patients with small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs), also referred to as midgut carcinoids, present with systemic disease at the time of diagnosis with metastases primarily found in regional lymph nodes and the liver. Curative treatment is not available for these patients and there is a need for novel and specific therapies. Engineered oncolytic viruses may meet the need and play an important role in the future management of SI-NET liver metastases. This review focuses on adenovirus as the oncolytic anti-cancer agent and its potential curative role for SI-NET liver metastases, but it also summarizes the use of oncolytic viruses for NETs in general. It discusses how specific features of neuroendocrine cell biology can be used to engineer viruses to become selective for infection of NET cells and/or replication within NET cells. In addition, it points out the advantages and shortcomings of using replicating viruses in the treatment of cancer and addresses research fields that can increase the efficacy of virus-based therapy.
大多数小肠神经内分泌肿瘤（SI-NETs）患者，也称为中肠类癌，在诊断时就已出现全身疾病，转移主要发生在局部淋巴结和肝脏。这些患者无法进行治愈性治疗，因此需要新的、特异性的治疗方法。工程化溶瘤病毒可能满足这一需求，并在未来的 SI-NET 肝转移管理中发挥重要作用。本文重点关注腺病毒作为溶瘤抗癌药物，及其在 SI-NET 肝转移中的潜在治疗作用，但也总结了溶瘤病毒在神经内分泌肿瘤中的一般应用。本文讨论了如何利用神经内分泌细胞生物学的特定特征来设计病毒，使其对 NET 细胞的感染具有选择性和/或在 NET 细胞内复制。此外，本文还指出了使用复制型病毒治疗癌症的优缺点，并探讨了可以提高病毒治疗效果的研究领域。
