Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco CA 94143-0511, USA.
Nat Rev Cancer. 2012 Mar 1;12(4):289-97. doi: 10.1038/nrc3223.
Although cancer cells can be immunogenic, tumour progression is associated with the evasion of immunosurveillance, the promotion of tumour tolerance and even the production of pro-tumorigenic factors by immune cells. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) represents a crucial immune checkpoint, the blockade of which can potentiate anti-tumour immunity. CTLA4-blocking antibodies are now an established therapeutic approach for malignant melanoma, and clinical trials with CTLA4-specific antibodies in prostate cancer have also shown clinical activity. This treatment may provide insights into the targets that the immune system recognizes to drive tumour regression, and could potentially improve both outcome and toxicity for patients with prostate cancer.
虽然癌细胞具有免疫原性，但肿瘤的进展与免疫监视的逃逸、肿瘤耐受的促进甚至免疫细胞产生促肿瘤因子有关。细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞相关抗原 4（CTLA4）是一个重要的免疫检查点，其阻断可以增强抗肿瘤免疫。CTLA4 阻断抗体现已成为恶性黑色素瘤的一种既定治疗方法，在前列腺癌中进行的 CTLA4 特异性抗体临床试验也显示出了临床活性。这种治疗方法可能为免疫系统识别以驱动肿瘤消退的靶点提供新的见解，并有可能改善前列腺癌患者的预后和毒性。
