The committee (Committee on Guidelines for Scientific Publications Involving Animal Studies) believes that journal editors have a role to play in promoting the proper use of animals in research through the publication of adequate descriptions. The committee urges journal editors to actively promote effective and ethical research by encouraging the provision of sufficient information to enable assessment and interpretation of research findings and advancement of knowledge based on reproducible results. This report provides journal editors, authors, and reviewers with guidance (and supporting references) for effective reporting of animal research in published articles based on adequate descriptions of: the research animal (section 3), with detailed information about the animals’ age, sex, weight, and life stage (3.1), source (3.2), genetic nomenclature (3.3), microbial/pathogen status (3.4), and preparation and assignment (including control groups)(3.5); the research animal environment (sections 4 and, for aquatic animals, 6), with detailed information about the micro- and macroenvironment (4.4 and 6.1), diet (4.1 and 6.2),water (4.2), and housing (4.3 and 6.3); basic animal methodology, including aspects of animal care and use that can affect research outcomes (section 5), with detailed information about experimental effects (5.1), administration of substances (5.2), use of infectious agents (5.3), sample acquisition (5.4), and euthanasia (5.5). The ability to interpret, evaluate, and reproduce biomedical and other types of laboratory animal research and testing is a reasonable minimum standard for the assessment of effective reporting in research articles. Journal editors can substantially contribute to the achievement of this standard through the articulation of clear policies and criteria for their authors and reviewers. This report complements existing checklists and resources by providing guidance and scientific evidence for the specific types of information that should be included in research publications to promote the advancement of science involving animal studies. It also describes approaches to facilitate the provision of such information.