Kraus W, Fantz U, Franzen P, Fröschle M, Heinemann B, Riedl R, Wünderlich D
Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, 85748 Garching, Germany.
Rev Sci Instrum. 2012 Feb;83(2):02B104. doi: 10.1063/1.3662957.
Large and powerful negative hydrogen ion sources are required for the neutral beam injection (NBI) systems of future fusion devices. Simplicity and maintenance-free operation favors RF sources, which are developed intensively at the Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik (IPP) since many years. The negative hydrogen ions are generated by caesium-enhanced surface conversion of atoms and positive ions on the plasma grid surface. With a small scale prototype the required high ion current density and the low fraction of co-extracted electrons at low pressure as well as stable pulses up to 1 h could be demonstrated. The modular design allows extension to large source dimensions. This has led to the decision to choose RF sources for the NBI of the international fusion reactor, ITER. As an intermediate step towards the full size ITER source at IPP, the development will be continued with a half-size source on the new ELISE testbed. This will enable to gain experience for the first time with negative hydrogen ion beams from RF sources of these dimensions.
未来聚变装置的中性束注入（NBI）系统需要大型且强大的负氢离子源。简单性和免维护运行有利于射频源，多年来马克斯·普朗克等离子体物理研究所（IPP）一直在大力开发这种射频源。负氢离子是通过铯增强等离子体栅极表面上原子和正离子的表面转换产生的。利用一个小型原型，已证明可实现所需的高离子电流密度、低压下共引出电子的低比例以及长达1小时的稳定脉冲。模块化设计允许扩展到大型源尺寸。这促使人们决定为国际聚变反应堆ITER的中性束注入选择射频源。作为在IPP迈向全尺寸ITER源的中间步骤，将在新的ELISE试验台上用一个半尺寸源继续开展研发工作。这将首次使人们能够获得来自这种尺寸射频源的负氢离子束的经验。
