Al-Ramahi Rowa
Nephrology Unit (Ward 7), Penang General Hospital (PGH), Penang Island, Malaysia.
Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2012 Mar;23(2):403-8.
To determine the medication prescribing patterns in hospitalized patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a Malaysian hospital, we prospectively studied a cohort of 600 patients in two phases with 300 patients in each phase. The first phase was carried out from the beginning of February to the end of May 2007, and the second phase was from the beginning of March to the end of June 2008. Patients with CKD who had an estimated creatinine clearance ≤ 50 mL/min and were older than 18 years were included. A data collection form was used to collect data from the patients' medical records and chart review. All systemic medications prescribed during hospitalization were included. The patients were prescribed 5795 medications. During the first phase, the patients were prescribed 2814 medication orders of 176 different medications. The prescriptions were 2981 of 158 medications during the second phase. The mean number of medications in the first and second phases was 9.38 ± 3.63 and 9.94 ± 3.78 respectively (P-value = 0.066). The top five used medications were calcium carbonate, folic acid/vitamin B complex, metoprolol, lovastatin, and ferrous sulfate. The most commonly used medication classes were mineral supplements, vitamins, antianemic preparations, antibacterials, and beta-blocking agents. This study provides an overview of prescription practice in a cohort of hospitalized CKD patients and indicates possible areas of improvement in prescription practice.
为确定马来西亚一家医院中慢性肾脏病（CKD）住院患者的用药处方模式，我们前瞻性地分两个阶段研究了一组600例患者，每个阶段300例。第一阶段于2007年2月开始至5月底进行，第二阶段于2008年3月开始至6月底进行。纳入估算肌酐清除率≤50 mL/分钟且年龄大于18岁的CKD患者。使用数据收集表从患者的病历和图表审查中收集数据。纳入住院期间开具的所有全身性药物。患者共被开具了5795种药物。在第一阶段，患者被开具了176种不同药物的2814份用药医嘱。在第二阶段，处方为158种药物的2981份。第一阶段和第二阶段的平均用药数量分别为9.38±3.63和9.94±3.78（P值=0.066）。使用最多的五种药物是碳酸钙、叶酸/复合维生素B、美托洛尔、洛伐他汀和硫酸亚铁。最常用的药物类别是矿物质补充剂、维生素、抗贫血制剂、抗菌药物和β受体阻滞剂。本研究概述了一组CKD住院患者的处方实践情况，并指出了处方实践中可能需要改进的方面。
