Summit Medical Group, Morristown, NJ, USA.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2012 Mar;20(3):167-76. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-20-03-167.
In competitive athletes, stress fractures of the tibia, foot, and ankle are common and lead to considerable delay in return to play. Factors such as bone vascularity, training regimen, and equipment can increase the risk of stress fracture. Management is based on the fracture site. In some athletes, metabolic workup and medication are warranted. High-risk fractures, including those of the anterior tibial diaphysis, navicular, proximal fifth metatarsal, and medial malleolus, present management challenges and may require surgery, especially in high-level athletes who need to return to play quickly. Noninvasive treatment modalities such as pulsed ultrasound and extracorporeal shock wave therapy may have some benefit but require additional research.
在竞技运动员中，胫骨、足部和踝关节的应力性骨折很常见，这会导致他们重返赛场的时间大大延迟。骨血液供应、训练方案和装备等因素会增加应力性骨折的风险。治疗方案基于骨折部位而定。在某些运动员中，需要进行代谢检查和药物治疗。高风险骨折，包括胫骨骨干前侧、舟状骨、第五跖骨近端和内踝，其治疗具有挑战性，可能需要手术，尤其是对于需要快速重返赛场的高水平运动员。脉冲超声和体外冲击波疗法等非侵入性治疗方法可能有一定益处，但需要进一步研究。
