Hulkko A, Orava S
Department of Surgery, Keski-Pohjanmaa Central Hospital, Kokkola, Finland.
Ann Chir Gynaecol. 1991;80(2):177-84.
Stress fractures in athletes usually heal well with merely rest and conservative treatment. It has been estimated that in Finland 400-500 athletic stress fractures occur annually per year. In sports clinic series stress fractures comprise 3.3 to 4.6 per cent of all overuse injuries. Delayed and non-union have been reported to occur in athletes quite often, up to 10 per cent of athletic stress fractures in Finland. The reason is on the one hand delayed diagnosis due to late consultation of expert physicians, and on the other hand too short a rest from hard physical activity. Delayed and non-union are most often seen in the hallux sesamoids, mid-tibial staft, base of fifth metatarsal, tarsal navicular and olecranon. The pars articularis of the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebra is a site of stress fracture and spondylolysis. In this report the diagnosis, symptoms and findings as well as the operative treatment of these overuse injuries is discussed.
运动员的应力性骨折通常仅通过休息和保守治疗就能很好地愈合。据估计，在芬兰，每年每10万人中就有400 - 500例运动性应力性骨折发生。在运动诊所的病例系列中，应力性骨折占所有过度使用损伤的3.3%至4.6%。据报道，运动员中延迟愈合和不愈合的情况相当常见，在芬兰，高达10%的运动性应力性骨折会出现这种情况。原因一方面是由于专家医生咨询较晚导致诊断延迟，另一方面是高强度体力活动后的休息时间过短。延迟愈合和不愈合最常出现在拇籽骨、胫骨中段、第五跖骨基部、足舟骨和尺骨鹰嘴。第四和第五腰椎的关节突是应力性骨折和脊椎峡部裂的好发部位。在本报告中，将讨论这些过度使用损伤的诊断、症状和体征以及手术治疗方法。
