Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
ChemSusChem. 2012 Mar 12;5(3):563-71. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201100618. Epub 2012 Mar 1.
Three-dimensional, hierarchically ordered, porous carbon (HOPC) with designed porous textures, serving as an ion-buffering reservoir, an ion-transport channel, and a charge-storage material, is expected to be advanced an energy material for high-rate supercapacitors. Herein, HOPC without/with partially graphitic nanostructures have been directly synthesized by means of a simple one-pot synthesis procedure. The designed porous textures of the 3D HOPC materials are composed of highly ordered, fcc macroporous (300 nm), interconnected porous structures, including macroporous windows (170 nm), hexagonally ordered mesopores (5.0 nm), and useful micropores (1.2 nm). 3D HOPC-g-1000 (g=graphitic, 1000=pyrolysis temperature of 1000 °C) with partially graphitic nanostructures has a low specific surface area (296 m(2) g(-1)) and a low gravimetric specific capacitance (73.4 F g(-1) at 3 mV s(-1)), but improved electrical conductivity, better rate performance, higher electrolyte accessibility (24.8 μF cm(-2) at 3 mV s(-1)), faster frequency response (≈1 Hz), and excellent cycling performance (>5400 cycles). The specific capacitance per surface area is higher than that of conventional porous carbons, carbon nanotubes, and modified graphene (10-19 μF cm(-2)).
具有设计多孔结构的三维、分级有序多孔碳（HOPC）可用作离子缓冲库、离子传输通道和电荷存储材料，有望成为用于高速率超级电容器的先进能源材料。本文通过一种简单的一锅合成方法，直接合成了具有无定形/部分石墨纳米结构的 HOPC。3D HOPC 材料的设计多孔结构由高度有序的 fcc 大孔（300nm）、相互连接的多孔结构组成，包括大孔窗（170nm）、六方有序介孔（5.0nm）和有用的微孔（1.2nm）。具有部分石墨纳米结构的 3DHOPC-g-1000（g=graphitic，1000=pyrolysis temperature of 1000°C）具有较低的比表面积（296m2g-1）和较低的重量比电容（3mVs-1 时为 73.4Fg-1），但具有较高的电导率、更好的倍率性能、更高的电解质可及性（3mVs-1 时为 24.8μFcm-2）、更快的频率响应（≈1Hz）和出色的循环性能（>5400 次循环）。比表面积的比电容高于传统多孔碳、碳纳米管和改性石墨烯（10-19μFcm-2）。
