Feng Rung-Fen, Tsai Yun-Fang
Department of Nursing, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Clin Nurs. 2012 Jul;21(13-14):2064-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03992.x. Epub 2012 Mar 3.
The aim of this study was to explore the socialisation experiences of new graduate baccalaureate nurses to practising nurses.
How nurses contend with the stress of their professional role has been of interest to both researchers and healthcare administrators over the past 30 years. Work stress of clinical nurses comes mainly from organisational and professional factors. However, few studies have explored the professional and organisational socialisation experiences of new graduate nurses.
A qualitative descriptive approach was adopted.
Participants were graduates of a baccalaureate nursing programme and employed full time at four medical centres in Taiwan, their first full-time work experience. Data were collected through semi-structured, open-ended, in-depth interviews, which were transcribed verbatim and analysed by content analysis. Three themes were identified: overwhelming chaos, learning by doing and being an insider.
Although the professional socialisation process was hard for the new graduate nurses, they needed much time to increase their knowledge and clinical skills to fulfil clinical needs. However, the hardest work was the organisational socialisation process, which involved fitting into the bureaucratic system, such as maintaining interpersonal relationships with colleagues and familiarising themselves with the ward rules and culture. Neophyte nurse participants were also frustrated by the conflict between professional and organisational values.
The study findings show that the transition from new graduate nurse to practising nurse was stressful for these participants, particularly due to the clash between the professional value of patient-oriented nursing care and the organisational value of task-oriented nursing.
Senior clinical nurses can consider this study's descriptions of new graduate nurses' experiences to help them become insiders and provide quality care.
本研究旨在探讨新毕业的本科护士向执业护士的社会化经历。
在过去30年里，护士如何应对职业角色压力一直是研究人员和医疗管理者感兴趣的问题。临床护士的工作压力主要来自组织和专业因素。然而，很少有研究探讨新毕业护士的专业和组织社会化经历。
采用定性描述方法。
参与者为本科护理专业毕业生，在台湾的四个医疗中心全职工作，这是他们的首次全职工作经历。通过半结构化、开放式、深入访谈收集数据，访谈内容逐字转录并通过内容分析进行分析。确定了三个主题：极度混乱、边做边学和成为内部人。
尽管专业社会化过程对新毕业护士来说很艰难，但他们需要大量时间来增加知识和临床技能以满足临床需求。然而，最困难的是组织社会化过程，这包括融入官僚体系，如与同事保持人际关系以及熟悉病房规则和文化。新手护士参与者也因专业和组织价值观之间的冲突而感到沮丧。
研究结果表明，从新毕业护士向执业护士的转变对这些参与者来说压力很大，特别是由于以患者为导向的护理专业价值观与以任务为导向的护理组织价值观之间的冲突。
资深临床护士可以考虑本研究对新毕业护士经历的描述，以帮助他们成为内部人并提供优质护理。
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