University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, 109 Observatory Street, Room 3867 SPH I, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2012 Mar 2;9:19. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-19.
Motivational Interviewing (MI), a counseling style initially used to treat addictions, increasingly has been used in health care and public health settings. This manuscript provides an overview of MI, including its theoretical origins and core clinical strategies. We also address similarities and differences with Self-Determination Theory. MI has been defined as person-centered method of guiding to elicit and strengthen personal motivation for change. Core clinical strategies include, e.g., reflective listening and eliciting change talk. MI encourages individuals to work through their ambivalence about behavior change and to explore discrepancy between their current behavior and broader life goals and values. A key challenge for MI practitioners is deciding when and how to transition from building motivation to the goal setting and planning phases of counseling. To address this, we present a new three-phase model that provides a framework for moving from WHY to HOW; from building motivation to more action oriented counseling, within a patient centered framework.
动机访谈（MI）是一种咨询方式，最初用于治疗成瘾，现在越来越多地用于医疗保健和公共卫生领域。本文概述了 MI，包括其理论起源和核心临床策略。我们还探讨了它与自我决定理论的异同。MI 被定义为一种以患者为中心的方法，旨在引出和增强个人对改变的动机。核心临床策略包括：倾听和引出改变的对话。MI 鼓励个人处理他们对行为改变的矛盾心理，并探索他们当前行为与更广泛的生活目标和价值观之间的差距。MI 从业者面临的一个关键挑战是决定何时以及如何从建立动机过渡到咨询的目标设定和计划阶段。为此，我们提出了一个新的三阶段模型，为在以患者为中心的框架内，从动机建立到更注重行动的咨询，提供了一个从“为什么”到“怎么做”的框架。
