Hediger M L, Scholl T O, Ances I G, Belsky D H, Salmon R W
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Camden.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1990 Nov;52(5):793-9. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/52.5.793.
This study presents information on the course and rates of weight gain and the associations among weight gain, prepregnancy weight-for-height, and infant birth weight, based on a total sample of 1419 uncomplicated term deliveries to adolescents. The distribution of cumulative weight gain indicates that for adolescents not only is the median gain at term (14.2-15.5 kg) significantly in excess of that reported for adults, but also weight-gain velocity is greater from the beginning of pregnancy. Although the contributions of prepregnancy weight-for-height and weight gain to birth weight may be independent, they are not necessarily additive. Birth weight does not appear improved for the infants of overweight adolescents except when weight gain is low (less than 11.1-12.3 kg at term), and, for Puerto Rican and black adolescents, birth weight is not further improved at any maternal prepregnancy body mass index (weight-for-height) with excessive weight gains (greater than 17.9-19.3 kg at term).
本研究基于1419例青少年无并发症足月分娩的总样本，呈现了体重增加的过程、速率以及体重增加、孕前身高体重指数和婴儿出生体重之间的关联。累积体重增加的分布表明，对于青少年来说，不仅足月时的体重增加中位数（14.2 - 15.5千克）显著超过成年人报告的数值，而且从怀孕开始体重增加速度就更快。尽管孕前身高体重指数和体重增加对出生体重的影响可能是独立的，但它们不一定是相加的。超重青少年的婴儿出生体重似乎没有改善，除非体重增加较少（足月时低于11.1 - 12.3千克），而且对于波多黎各和黑人青少年，在任何孕前体重指数（身高体重）下，体重过度增加（足月时大于17.9 - 19.3千克）时，出生体重都不会进一步改善。
