Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Fam Pract. 2012 Apr;29 Suppl 1:i117-i125. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmr086.
Adolescent obesity calls for evidence-based treatment approaches given its long-term physical and psychosocial consequences. However, research shows there are many problems in the translation of scientific evidence into practice.
The aim of this study was to develop science- and practice-based recommendations for the planning of future adolescent weight management interventions.
We performed (i) literature reviews on intervention studies targeting treatment of obesity in adolescents and Dutch clinical guidelines for obesity as well as practice-based documents and grey literature on treating obesity and delivering health programs for adolescents and (ii) semi-structured interviews with eight clinicians and four non-clinicians working in obesity treatment, management and prevention to explore perspectives on treating adolescent obesity and using evidence in practice.
After merging the results from the literature reviews and interviews, four issues emerged: (i) little reporting on theoretical models used in intervention studies, Dutch clinical guidelines and semi-structured interviews; (ii) inconsistency on age-specific considerations for treating obesity in adolescents in intervention studies and Dutch clinical guidelines; (iii) inconsistency on addressing the social nature of obesity in intervention studies and Dutch clinical guidelines and (iv) how professional responsibility should be divided is unclear from intervention studies, Dutch clinical guidelines and semi-structured interviews.
Joined action of science and practice is required for future interventions. Future interventions should include topics relevant to the stage of adolescence and give greater focus to the complex social nature of obesity. Lastly, practitioners can generate more practice-based evidence by starting their own practice-based research.
青少年肥胖需要基于证据的治疗方法，因为它会带来长期的身体和心理社会后果。然而，研究表明，将科学证据转化为实践存在许多问题。
本研究旨在为未来青少年体重管理干预计划制定基于科学和实践的建议。
我们进行了（i）针对青少年肥胖治疗的干预研究、荷兰肥胖临床指南以及针对肥胖治疗和为青少年提供健康计划的实践文件和灰色文献的文献综述，以及（ii）对 8 名临床医生和 4 名从事肥胖治疗、管理和预防工作的非临床医生进行半结构化访谈，以探讨治疗青少年肥胖和在实践中使用证据的观点。
将文献综述和访谈的结果合并后，出现了四个问题：（i）干预研究、荷兰临床指南和半结构化访谈中很少报告使用的理论模型；（ii）干预研究和荷兰临床指南中针对青少年肥胖治疗的年龄特定考虑因素不一致；（iii）干预研究和荷兰临床指南中在解决肥胖的社会性质方面不一致；（iv）从干预研究、荷兰临床指南和半结构化访谈中不清楚专业责任应如何划分。
未来的干预措施需要科学和实践的共同行动。未来的干预措施应包括与青春期阶段相关的主题，并更加关注肥胖的复杂社会性质。最后，从业者可以通过开展自己的基于实践的研究来生成更多基于实践的证据。
