Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
J Clin Psychiatry. 2012 Feb;73(2):e05. doi: 10.4088/JCP.11073br1.
It is estimated that 15 to 25% of the U.S. labor force works night, evening, or rotating shifts. These non-traditional schedules can affect the circadian rhythm, a self-sustained rhythm of biological processes that plays an important role in modulating sleep/wake function, resulting in circadian rhythm sleep disorder, shift work type, usually referred to as shift work disorder. The disorder consists of a constant or recurrent pattern of sleep interruption that results in insomnia when sleep is needed and excessive sleepiness during waking hours. Clinicians need more information about the role of the circadian rhythm in human functioning as well as the pathophysiology, prevalence, and consequences of shift work disorder, so that they can recognize and diagnose this problem in clinical practice.
据估计，美国劳动力中有 15%至 25%的人上夜班、晚班或轮班。这些非传统的工作时间表会影响昼夜节律，即生物过程的自我维持节律，在调节睡眠/觉醒功能方面起着重要作用，从而导致昼夜节律睡眠障碍、轮班工作类型，通常称为轮班工作障碍。这种障碍表现为睡眠中断的持续或反复模式，导致需要睡眠时出现失眠，以及清醒时过度困倦。临床医生需要更多关于昼夜节律在人体功能中的作用以及轮班工作障碍的病理生理学、患病率和后果的信息，以便在临床实践中能够识别和诊断这个问题。
