Fischer Volkhard
Hannover Medical School, Dean of Studies Office, Academic Controlling, Hannover, Germany.
GMS Z Med Ausbild. 2012;29(1):Doc13. doi: 10.3205/zma000783. Epub 2012 Feb 15.
The discussions about medical education in the public focus upon quantity. The quality of the teaching process isn't questioned. But the professionalization of medical education should start with a close look at bedside teaching because it is the core of training medical doctors. PATIENT-CENTERED TEACHING: German medical leicensure act (Approbationsordnung) defines the quality of medical education by standard setting for group sizes and fixing the hours of bedside teaching. Although there are some fuzzy definitions it is possible to extract some special forms of bedside teaching. The capacity act (Kapazitätsverordnung) interprets these definitions for calculating the number of students who could be enrolled each year.
The different forms of contact with patients which are necessary for a good medical education can be transformed into distinct types of courses. Our classification of courses with specific forms of patient contact is suitable to describe each German program of medical studies. This quantitative profile offers new opportunities for comparing medical education at the different faculties.
In many German medical schools the hours of bedside teaching are allocated in a verv pragmatical way according to the medical leicensure act. A more professional curriculum planning leads to a sophisticated use of these diverse forms of patient-centered teaching. Because this professional planning is better derived from the legal basis it offers new arguments against an economically oriented hospital management.
公众对医学教育的讨论集中在数量上。教学过程的质量并未受到质疑。但医学教育的专业化应从密切关注床边教学开始，因为它是培养医生的核心。以患者为中心的教学：德国医学许可法（《批准条例》）通过设定小组规模标准和确定床边教学时间来界定医学教育的质量。尽管存在一些模糊的定义，但仍有可能提炼出一些特殊形式的床边教学。《容量条例》对这些定义进行解释，以计算每年可招收的学生人数。
良好的医学教育所需的与患者的不同接触形式可转化为不同类型的课程。我们对具有特定患者接触形式的课程分类适用于描述德国的每个医学专业课程。这种量化概况为比较不同医学院的医学教育提供了新机会。
在许多德国医学院，床边教学时间是根据医学许可法以非常实用的方式分配的。更专业的课程规划会导致对这些以患者为中心的不同教学形式的巧妙运用。由于这种专业规划更好地源自法律依据，它为反对以经济为导向的医院管理提供了新论据。
