Department of Social Psychology, Universiteit van Amsterdam,Weesperplein 4, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2012 Nov;141(4):699-714. doi: 10.1037/a0027612. Epub 2012 Mar 12.
Combining regulatory focus theory (Higgins, 1997) and novelty categorization theory (Förster, Marguc, & Gillebaart, 2010), we predicted that novel stimuli would be more positively evaluated when focused on growth as compared with security and that familiar stimuli would be more negatively evaluated when focused on growth as compared with security. This would occur, at least in part, because of changes in category breadth. We tested effects of several variables linked to growth and security on evaluations of novel and familiar stimuli. Using a subliminal mere exposure paradigm, results showed novel stimuli were evaluated more positively in a promotion focus compared to a prevention focus (Experiments 1A-1C), with high power compared to low power (Experiment 2A), and with the color blue compared to red (Experiment 2B). For familiar stimuli, all effects were reversed. Additionally, as predicted by novelty categorization theory, novel stimuli were liked better after broad compared to narrow category priming, and familiar stimuli were liked better after narrow compared with broad category priming (Experiment 3). We suggest, therefore, that although familiarity glows warmly in security-related contexts, people prefer novelty when they are primarily focused on growth.
结合监管重点理论（Higgins，1997）和新颖性分类理论（Förster、Marguc 和 Gillebaart，2010），我们预测，与安全相比，当关注成长时，新颖的刺激会得到更积极的评价，而当关注成长时，熟悉的刺激会得到更消极的评价。这至少部分是由于类别宽度的变化。我们测试了与成长和安全相关的几个变量对新颖和熟悉刺激评价的影响。使用潜意识暴露范式，结果表明，与预防焦点相比，在促进焦点中新颖的刺激被评价得更积极（实验 1A-1C），高能力与低能力相比（实验 2A），与蓝色相比，与红色相比（实验 2B）。对于熟悉的刺激，所有的效果都是相反的。此外，正如新颖性分类理论所预测的，与窄类别启动相比，在宽类别启动后，新颖的刺激会更好地被喜欢，而与宽类别启动相比，熟悉的刺激会更好地被喜欢（实验 3）。因此，我们认为，尽管在与安全相关的环境中熟悉感会温暖地发光，但当人们主要关注成长时，他们更喜欢新颖性。
