Oyero O G, Adu F D
Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Afr J Med Med Sci. 2010 Dec;39 Suppl:201-8.
Enteroviruses is one of the most common group of human pathogens, causing a wide range of acute symptoms involving the cardiac and skeletal muscles, central nervous system, pancreas,skin and mucous membranes. In spite of the success recorded in polio eradication globally, infections with other enteroviruses remain frequent and sometimes very serious, requiring hospitalization. In this study we determined the various circulating serotypes of non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs) with a view to providing information on the activity of these viruses among the Nigerian children, who usually are the most affected. Stool samples were obtained from hospitalized children at two major secondary community hospitals in Ibadan and acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases from 26 states ofNigeria. A presumptive identification of NPEVs was based on growth in RD cells. Isolates were identified by neutralization assay using sera obtained from the Institute for Public Health and the Environment, the Netherlands. The problems associated with this assay prompted the use of genotypic method developed at the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, USA for the final identification of isolates. Neutralization assay identified the 138 isolates into echoviruses (43.5%), coxsackie B viruses (29.7%) and untypeable isolates (26.8%). Finally genotyping identified echoviruses (E3, E6, E7, E11, E12, E13, E14, E19, E20, E21, E24, E29, E30, E33), coxsackieviruses (CVA3, CVA4, CVA6, CVA17, CVB3, CVB5, CVB6) and enteroviruses (EV69, EV71). The causal association of isolates with different diseases was also established. Majority of the isolates belonged to the human enterovirus gropup B (HEV-B) specie, followed by 4 and 1 in the HEV-A and HEV-C species respectively. This study forms the basis of molecular epidemiology of NPEVs being established for the first time in Nigeria. The implication of the presence of neurotropic serotypes (E3, E6, E7, E11, E14, E20, E24, E29, E30, EV71, CVB3 and CVB5) is that AFP may still be prevalent following polio eradication.
肠道病毒是人类最常见的病原体之一，可引发一系列急性症状，累及心肌和骨骼肌、中枢神经系统、胰腺、皮肤和黏膜。尽管全球在根除脊髓灰质炎方面取得了成功，但其他肠道病毒感染仍然频发，有时甚至非常严重，需要住院治疗。在本研究中，我们确定了非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒（NPEV）的各种流行血清型，旨在提供有关这些病毒在尼日利亚儿童（通常是受影响最严重的群体）中的活动情况的信息。从伊巴丹两家主要的二级社区医院的住院儿童中采集粪便样本，并从尼日利亚26个州的急性弛缓性麻痹（AFP）病例中采集样本。NPEV的初步鉴定基于其在RD细胞中的生长情况。使用从荷兰公共卫生与环境研究所获得的血清，通过中和试验对分离株进行鉴定。该试验存在的问题促使我们使用美国亚特兰大疾病控制中心开发的基因分型方法对分离株进行最终鉴定。中和试验将138株分离株鉴定为艾柯病毒（43.5%）、柯萨奇B组病毒（29.7%）和无法分型的分离株（26.8%）。最后，基因分型鉴定出艾柯病毒（E3、E6、E7、E11、E12、E13、E14、E19、E20、E21、E24、E29、E30、E33）、柯萨奇病毒（CVA3、CVA4、CVA6、CVA17、CVB3、CVB5、CVB6）和肠道病毒（EV69、EV71）。还确定了分离株与不同疾病的因果关系。大多数分离株属于人类肠道病毒B组（HEV-B）种，其次分别有4株和1株属于HEV-A和HEV-C种。本研究首次为尼日利亚建立了NPEV分子流行病学的基础。嗜神经血清型（E3、E6、E7、E11、E14、E20、E24、E29、E30、EV71、CVB3和CVB5）的存在意味着在根除脊髓灰质炎后AFP可能仍然流行。
