Warsaw School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland.
Kardiol Pol. 2012;70(2):157-63.
The vast majority of research on the quality of life (QoL) after myocardial infarction (MI) concentrates on such factors as: the type and course of MI, methods and stage of treatment or the patient's occupational and family status. Drawing from general psychological knowledge we may assume that some individual factor, especially personality, is also a significant contributor. The present study focused on a specific personality dimension: sense of coherence (SOC). It is defined as a global life orientation to perceive life as comprehensible (rational, predictable and structured), manageable (adequate and sufficient resources to overcome adversities are perceived as available) and meaningful (the demands created by adversities are seen as challenges and worthy of engagement).
To compare the QoL one year after MI in men and women and to examine the role of SOC as a predictor of the QoL one year after MI, in groups of men and women.
The study group consisted of 83 participants (including 34 women), aged 35-59 (50.2 ± 6.2) years. They had a history of uncomplicated MI and were referred for post-hospitalisation cardiac rehabilitation in the sanatorium setting. SOC was measured with the Polish version of SOC-13 by A. Antonovsky. The QoL was evaluated with the MacNew questionnaire by N.B. Oldridge and L. Lim. The SOC was assessed during the stay at the heart centre. One year after their MI the participants completed the QoL questionnaires (sent to them by post).
Men in comparison to women demonstrated stronger SOC (p 〈 0.004) and a better QoL in all dimensions: physical (p 〈 0.001), emotional (p 〈 0.001), social (p 〈 0.001) and as a global score (p 〈 0.001). The SOC turned out to be a significant predictor of the QoL one year after MI even after controlling for demographic and medical factors. Its predictive value was higher for women.
Research on the QoL in patients after MI should take into account personality factors. The SOC is a significant predictor, especially in women. Persons after MI scoring low on SOC at the early stage of rehabilitation should receive psychological intervention.
绝大多数关于心肌梗死（MI）后生活质量（QoL）的研究都集中在以下因素上：MI 的类型和病程、治疗方法和阶段，或患者的职业和家庭状况。根据一般心理学知识，我们可以假设某些个体因素，尤其是个性，也是一个重要的贡献因素。本研究关注一个特定的个性维度：心理一致感（SOC）。它被定义为一种整体的生活取向，将生活视为可理解的（理性的、可预测的和结构化的）、可管理的（被认为有足够的资源来克服逆境）和有意义的（逆境所带来的需求被视为挑战，值得参与）。
比较男性和女性心肌梗死后一年的生活质量，并探讨 SOC 作为男性和女性心肌梗死后一年生活质量预测因子的作用。
研究组包括 83 名参与者（包括 34 名女性），年龄 35-59 岁（50.2 ± 6.2）。他们有非复杂性 MI 病史，并被转诊到疗养院进行住院后心脏康复治疗。SOC 采用 A. Antonovsky 的波兰版 SOC-13 进行测量。QoL 采用 N.B. Oldridge 和 L. Lim 的 MacNew 问卷进行评估。SOC 在心脏中心就诊期间进行评估。心肌梗死后一年，参与者通过邮寄方式完成 QoL 问卷。
与女性相比，男性表现出更强的 SOC（p 〈 0.004）和更好的所有维度的 QoL：身体（p 〈 0.001）、情绪（p 〈 0.001）、社会（p 〈 0.001）和总体得分（p 〈 0.001）。SOC 甚至在控制人口统计学和医学因素后，也是心肌梗死后一年生活质量的一个重要预测因子。其预测价值在女性中更高。
对 MI 后患者生活质量的研究应考虑个性因素。SOC 是一个重要的预测因子，尤其是在女性中。康复早期 SOC 评分较低的 MI 患者应接受心理干预。
