Hynie Michaela, Crooks Valorie A, Barragan Jackeline
Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Can J Nurs Res. 2011 Dec;43(4):26-46.
Recent immigrants and refugees (newcomers) vary on many dimensions but do share similar challenges. Newcomers must rebuild social networks to obtain needed social support but often face social exclusion because of their race, language, religion, or immigrant status. In addition, most have limited access to personal, social, and community resources. Effects of situational and personal variables on the benefits and limitations associated with the social networks of female newcomers were explored through interviews and focus groups with 87 women from 7 communities. Using thematic analysis, the authors identify 5 sources of informal support across all 7 communities, which were almost exclusively limited to co-ethnic relationships, and the types of support, limitations, and reciprocity within each. Perceived support was strongest from family and close friends and, when support from close relationships was unavailable, from primary care providers. The results suggest that co-ethnic peer support networks may be overwhelmed in newcomer communities because of their limited size and resources.
近期移民和难民（新移民）在许多方面存在差异，但也面临一些相似的挑战。新移民必须重建社交网络以获得所需的社会支持，但由于他们的种族、语言、宗教或移民身份，往往面临社会排斥。此外，大多数人获得个人、社会和社区资源的机会有限。通过对来自7个社区的87名女性进行访谈和焦点小组讨论，探讨了情境和个人变量对女性新移民社交网络的益处和局限性的影响。作者采用主题分析法，确定了所有7个社区中5种非正式支持来源，这些来源几乎完全局限于同种族关系，以及每种支持的类型、局限性和互惠性。来自家人和亲密朋友的感知支持最为强烈，当亲密关系的支持无法获得时，来自初级保健提供者的支持次之。结果表明，由于规模和资源有限，同种族同伴支持网络在新移民社区可能不堪重负。
