1Dipartimento di Patologia Animale, Igiene e Sanità Pubblica Veterinaria, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria di Milano, via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Animal. 2010 Sep;4(9):1510-7. doi: 10.1017/S1751731110000522.
The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary protected fish oil (FO) on phenotypic variation in blood, milk leukocytes, and some productive and metabolic parameters in periparturient dairy goats. About 12 Alpine goats, selected from a larger group of second-parity animals, were fed from 15 days before kidding until the 15th day of lactation with the same basal diet that had been supplemented with either 47 g/head per day of FO or 47 g/head per day hydrogenated palm oil (PO). Dry matter intake, live body weight (LBW), body condition score (BCS), and productive performance were evaluated in 2 weeks after kidding. On days 15, 7, and 2 before kidding and days 2, 7, and 15 after kidding, plasma samples were collected for evaluation of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, non-esterified fatty acids, glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate, cholesterol, and urea levels. White blood cell and blood leukocyte subsets were counted in whole blood samples on the kidding day, as well as at 1, 4, and 15 days after kidding. In addition, milk somatic cell count, intramammary infection (IMI), and milk leukocyte subsets were evaluated on days 4 and 15 after kidding. No differences were observed in dry matter intake and BCS, while LBW was higher in FO-fed animals. Milk production and composition, plasma metabolites, and liver enzymes were similar in both experimental groups. Blood CD4 positive cells increased constantly (P = 0.05) in FO-fed group, while CD8 and CD14 cell counts significantly increased 4 days after kidding (P < 0.01). Milk leukocyte subsets showed a significant (P < 0.01) decrease in PO-fed group and a non-significant increase (P = 0.34) in FO-fed group, despite the presence of coagulase negative staphylococci IMI. The results of the productive performance evaluation agreed with those of many other studies, which did not find any significant differences between dairy goats fed diets enriched with FO or PO supplements. The administration of FO to dairy goats in transition appeared to affect the variation in blood leukocytes with a constant increase in CD4- and CD8-positive cells in comparison with a PO fat-supplemented diet.
本研究旨在评估饲粮中添加保护型鱼油（FO）对围产期奶山羊血液、乳白细胞及部分生产性能和代谢参数表型变化的影响。选择从更大的二胎动物群体中挑选的 12 只阿尔卑斯奶山羊，在分娩前 15 天至哺乳期第 15 天，用相同的基础饲粮进行饲养，基础饲粮分别添加 47 g/头/天的 FO 或 47 g/头/天氢化棕榈油（PO）。在分娩后 2 周内评估干物质采食量、活体重（LBW）、体况评分（BCS）和生产性能。在分娩前 15、7 和 2 天及分娩后 2、7 和 15 天，采集血浆样品，检测丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、非酯化脂肪酸、葡萄糖、β-羟丁酸、胆固醇和尿素水平。在分娩当天以及分娩后第 1、4 和 15 天，采集全血样品，计算白细胞和血液白细胞亚群。此外，在分娩后第 4 和 15 天评估乳体细胞计数、乳腺炎（IMI）和乳白细胞亚群。两组的干物质采食量和 BCS 无差异，FO 组的 LBW 较高。两组的产奶量和成分、血浆代谢物和肝脏酶相似。FO 组血液 CD4 阳性细胞持续增加（P = 0.05），而 CD8 和 CD14 细胞计数在分娩后第 4 天显著增加（P < 0.01）。尽管存在凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌乳腺炎，但 PO 组乳白细胞亚群显著减少（P < 0.01），FO 组非显著增加（P = 0.34）。生产性能评估结果与许多其他研究一致，这些研究发现，给产奶山羊饲喂富含 FO 或 PO 补充剂的日粮并没有显著差异。与 PO 脂肪补充日粮相比，在围产期给奶山羊添加 FO 似乎会影响血液白细胞的变化，CD4 和 CD8 阳性细胞持续增加。
