The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, PO Box 30, FI-33501 Tampere, Finland.
BMC Geriatr. 2012 Mar 26;12:12. doi: 10.1186/1471-2318-12-12.
Falls are the leading cause of unintentional injury and injury-related death among older people. In addition to physical activity, vitamin D also may affect balance and neuromuscular function. Low serum 25-hydroksivitamin D level increases the risk of bone loss, falls and fractures. Thus, an appropriate exercise program and sufficient vitamin D intake may significantly improve not only functional balance, but also balance confidence. Balance represents a complex motor skill determined by reaction time, muscle strength, and speed and coordination of movement.
METHODS/DESIGN: A 2-year randomized double-blind placebo-controlled vitamin D and open exercise trial of 409 home-dwelling women 70 to 80 years of age comprising four study arms: 1) exercise + vitamin D (800 IU/d), 2) exercise + placebo, 3) no exercise + vitamin D (800 IU/d), 4) no exercise + placebo. In addition to monthly fall diaries, general health status, life style, bone health, physical functioning, and vitamin D metabolism will be assessed. The primary outcomes are the rate of falls and fall-related injuries. Secondary outcomes include changes in neuromuscular functioning (e.g. body balance, muscle strength), ADL- and mobility functions, bone density and structure, cardiovascular risk factors, quality of life and fear of falling.
The successful completion of this trial will provide evidence on the effectiveness of exercise and vitamin D for falls reduction.
ClinicalTrial.gov -register (NCT00986466).
跌倒已成为老年人意外伤害和与伤害相关死亡的主要原因。除了身体活动外，维生素 D 也可能影响平衡和神经肌肉功能。血清 25-羟维生素 D 水平低会增加骨质流失、跌倒和骨折的风险。因此，适当的运动计划和充足的维生素 D 摄入不仅可以显著改善平衡功能，还可以改善平衡信心。平衡是一种复杂的运动技能，由反应时间、肌肉力量以及运动速度和协调性决定。
方法/设计：一项为期 2 年的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照维生素 D 和开放运动试验，涉及 409 名 70 至 80 岁的居家女性，分为四个研究组：1）运动+维生素 D（800 IU/d），2）运动+安慰剂，3）无运动+维生素 D（800 IU/d），4）无运动+安慰剂。除了每月的跌倒日记外，还将评估一般健康状况、生活方式、骨骼健康、身体机能以及维生素 D 代谢。主要结局是跌倒率和与跌倒相关的伤害。次要结局包括神经肌肉功能（如身体平衡、肌肉力量）、ADL 和移动功能、骨密度和结构、心血管危险因素、生活质量和跌倒恐惧的变化。
这项试验的成功完成将为运动和维生素 D 预防跌倒的有效性提供证据。
ClinicalTrials.gov -register（NCT00986466）。
