Gearing Robin E, Alonzo Dana, Marinelli Caitlin
School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Clin Schizophr Relat Psychoses. 2012 Apr;6(1):27-33. doi: 10.3371/CSRP.6.1.4.
Psychosocial treatments that address the unique needs of mothers with schizophrenia and their children are sorely lacking. In striving to explore and understand treatment of maternal schizophrenia, this paper focuses on two objectives: 1) to identify and examine specialty psychosocial interventions for parents, notably mothers with schizophrenia and their offspring; and, 2) to describe recommendations for the development of specialty psychosocial treatment for this population.
A systematic literature search of peer-reviewed articles was conducted in PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Social Work Abstracts, and Social Service Abstracts databases prior to January 1, 2010. The authors reviewed each article for psychosocial interventions treating mothers diagnosed with schizophrenia and their children. Forty-three (n=43) studies were identified.
Two areas of specialized psychosocial interventions designed to treat maternal schizophrenia and their children were identified: 1) inpatient interventions programs, primarily Mother Baby Units (MBU); and, 2) outpatient interventions programs.
Interventions targeting mothers with schizophrenia spectrum illnesses and their children are lacking. Women with schizophrenia are at risk for not engaging in treatment due to fears of barriers and losing their children. Although scarce, inpatient MBUs offer focused treatment, but services are limited to the baby's first year. Minimal outpatient psychosocial treatments are available to this population. Flexible treatment approaches that incorporate environmental supports, childcare resources, child welfare systems, and family involvement are highly recommended.
针对患有精神分裂症的母亲及其子女的独特需求的心理社会治疗严重匮乏。为努力探索和理解对患有精神分裂症的母亲的治疗，本文着重于两个目标：1）识别并审视针对父母，尤其是患有精神分裂症的母亲及其子女的专业心理社会干预措施；以及2）描述针对该人群开发专业心理社会治疗的建议。
在2010年1月1日之前，对PsycINFO、MEDLINE、CINAHL、社会工作摘要和社会服务摘要数据库中同行评审文章进行了系统的文献检索。作者审查了每篇关于治疗被诊断患有精神分裂症的母亲及其子女的心理社会干预措施的文章。共识别出43项研究。
确定了两个旨在治疗患有精神分裂症的母亲及其子女的专业心理社会干预领域：1）住院干预项目，主要是母婴病房（MBU）；以及2）门诊干预项目。
针对患有精神分裂症谱系疾病的母亲及其子女的干预措施匮乏。患有精神分裂症的女性因担心障碍和失去孩子而有不参与治疗的风险。虽然住院母婴病房数量稀少，但提供有针对性的治疗，不过服务仅限于婴儿的第一年。针对该人群的门诊心理社会治疗极少。强烈推荐采用灵活的治疗方法，纳入环境支持、儿童保育资源、儿童福利系统和家庭参与。
