Department of Occupational Safety & Health, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.
J Hazard Mater. 2012 May 30;217-218:19-28. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.12.064. Epub 2012 Mar 8.
Cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) has been used in producing phenol, dicumyl peroxide (DCPO) and as an initiator for synthesizing acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin by copolymerization in Taiwan. Four incidents of fire and explosion induced by thermal runaway reactions were occurred in a same plant producing CHP, DCPO and bis-(tert-butylperoxy isopropyl) benzene peroxide (BIBP). The fourth fire and explosion occurred in the CHP reactor that resulted in a catastrophic damage in reaction region and even spread throughout storage area. Descriptions on the occurrences of these incidents were assessed by the features of processes, reaction schemes and unexpected side reactions. Calorimetric data on thermokinetics and pressure were used for explaining the practical consequences or which the worst cases encountered in this kind of plant. Acceptable risk associated with emergency relief system design is vital for a plant producing organic peroxide. These basic data for designing an inherently safer plant can be conducted from adiabatic calorimetry. An encouraging deduction has been drawn here, these incidents may be avoided by the implementation of API RP 520, API RP 521, DIERS technology, OSHA 1910.119 and AIChE's CCPS recommended PSM elements.
在台湾，枯烯氢过氧化物（CHP）被用于生产苯酚、二枯基过氧化物（DCPO），并作为共聚合成丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（ABS）树脂的引发剂。在一家生产 CHP、DCPO 和过氧化二异丙基苯（BIBP）的工厂中，由于热失控反应，发生了四起火灾和爆炸事件。第四次火灾和爆炸发生在 CHP 反应器中，导致反应区发生灾难性破坏，甚至蔓延到储存区。通过对工艺、反应方案和意外副反应的特点，对这些事件的发生进行了评估。热动力学和压力的量热数据用于解释在这种工厂中遇到的实际后果或最坏情况。对于生产有机过氧化物的工厂来说，与应急救援系统设计相关的可接受风险至关重要。可以通过绝热量热法来设计本质更安全的工厂。这里得出了一个令人鼓舞的结论，通过实施 API RP 520、API RP 521、DIERS 技术、OSHA 1910.119 和 AIChE 的 CCPS 推荐的 PSM 要素，可以避免这些事件的发生。
