Pietrokovski Y, Pilo R, Shmidt A
Dept. of Oral Rehabilitation, the Hebrew University-Hadassah Faculty of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem.
Refuat Hapeh Vehashinayim (1993). 2010 Oct;27(4):15-23, 56.
The materials and technologies for fabrication of denture bases have developed during the last 150 years. The requirements of the ideal material are versatile and include functional, physical and esthetical demands. The current manuscript classifies denture base materials according to their chemical characteristics into polymers, reinforced polymers and light cured polymers. Poly Methyl Metacrylate (PMMA) was developed 70 years ago, and is still the major material for fabrication of denture bases due to its esthetic characteristics, high processing and polishing abilities, relining and rebasing possibility and low cost. The main disadvantages of PMMA are its dimensional changes during polymerization, porosity and allergic/cytotoxic effects. PMMA may be reinforced by metal, polyethylene or glass fibers. Other materials used for fabrication of denture bases are Nylon and Urethane dimethacrylate. Their advantages are better esthetics, low modulus of elasticity and reduced cytotoxicity. This review presents the advances in materials and techniques used for denture bases, the different materials, their advantages and disadvantages, the chemical reactions associated with their production, and their allergic and cytotoxic side effects.
义齿基托的制作材料和技术在过去150年中得到了发展。理想材料的要求是多方面的，包括功能、物理和美学方面的需求。当前的手稿根据其化学特性将义齿基托材料分为聚合物、增强聚合物和光固化聚合物。聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）于70年前开发出来，由于其美学特性、高加工和抛光能力、重衬和重制可能性以及低成本，仍然是制作义齿基托的主要材料。PMMA的主要缺点是其在聚合过程中的尺寸变化、孔隙率以及过敏/细胞毒性作用。PMMA可以通过金属、聚乙烯或玻璃纤维进行增强。用于制作义齿基托的其他材料是尼龙和聚氨酯二甲基丙烯酸酯。它们的优点是美学效果更好、弹性模量低以及细胞毒性降低。本综述介绍了义齿基托所用材料和技术的进展、不同材料及其优缺点、与其生产相关的化学反应以及它们的过敏和细胞毒性副作用。
