Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Pharm Biol. 2012 Jun;50(6):766-72. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2011.632421. Epub 2012 Apr 3.
Marsilea minuta Linn (Marsileaceae) is a common Indian hydrophytic plant. Traditionally, the plant has been used as a sedative for the treatment of insomnia and other mental disorders. Background information of this plant has encouraged us to investigate its antiamnesic activity in rat.
Standardized ethanol extract of M. minuta was investigated for their putative role in learning and memory performance in normal and amnesic rats.
Ethanol extract of M. minuta (EMM) was standardized for marsiline using HPLC. The effect of standardized extract of M. minuta (1.15% w/w marsiline) was tested in amnesic rat using elevated plus maze (EPM) and passive avoidance (PA) test. Amnesia was induced after scopolamine (1 mg/kg, s.c.) and electroconvulsive shock (150 mA, 0.2 s) treatment. Behavioral studies were further substantiated with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and radioligand muscarinic receptor binding studies in rat brain regions.
Oral administration of EMM at 200 and 400 mg/kg/day for 3 days significantly reversed the amnesia whereas, no per se effect was observed. In comparison to control, AChE activity in frontal cortex and hippocampus was found to be significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited by EMM. EMM at doses 200 and 400 mg/kg has significantly (P < 0.05) increased (+34 % and +40 % change in affinity, respectively) the binding of 3H-QNB in frontal cortex indicating the up regulation of the muscarinic receptors.
These findings suggest that standardized extract of M. minuta have excellent antiamnesic activity, probably mediating through central cholinergic system.
满江红（满江红科）是一种常见的印度水生植物。传统上，该植物被用作镇静剂，用于治疗失眠和其他精神障碍。该植物的背景信息鼓励我们研究其在大鼠中的抗遗忘活性。
研究满江红标准化乙醇提取物在正常和健忘大鼠学习和记忆中的潜在作用。
用 HPLC 对满江红的乙醇提取物（EMM）进行了马钱素标准化。用高架十字迷宫（EPM）和被动回避（PA）试验在健忘大鼠中测试了标准化的满江红提取物（1.15%w/w 马钱素）的作用。在东莨菪碱（1mg/kg，sc）和电惊厥（150mA，0.2s）处理后诱导健忘症。行为研究进一步用大鼠脑区乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性和放射性配体毒蕈碱受体结合研究得到证实。
EMM 口服给药 200 和 400mg/kg/天，连续 3 天，可显著逆转健忘症，而无本身作用。与对照组相比，EMM 在前额皮质和海马中的 AChE 活性明显（P<0.05）受到抑制。EMM 在 200 和 400mg/kg 剂量下，显著（P<0.05）增加了 3H-QNB 在额皮质中的结合（亲和力分别增加 34%和 40%），表明毒蕈碱受体的上调。
这些发现表明，满江红标准化提取物具有良好的抗遗忘活性，可能通过中枢胆碱能系统介导。
