Kender Zoltán, Torzsa Péter, Grolmusz K Vince, Patócs Attila, Lichthammer Adrienn, Veresné Bálint Márta, Rácz Károly, Reismann Péter
Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar II. Belgyógyászati Klinika Budapest Szentkirályi u. 46. 1088.
Orv Hetil. 2012 Apr 15;153(15):574-85. doi: 10.1556/OH.2012.29348.
Transient or chronic hyperglycaemia increases the formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and aldehydes. The accumulation of reactive aldehydes is implicated in the development of diabetic complications. Methylglyoxal, a glucose dependent α-dicarbonyl might be the most important reactive aldehyde in diabetes and its complications. Diabetes was the first disease in which evidence emerged for the increased formation of methylglyoxal in the cells and in the serum. Methylglyoxal has a toxic effect on insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells, and on modifications of proteins and nucleic acids. Moreover, methylglyoxal is one of the major precursors of advanced glycation end-products. The glyoxalase enzyme system that exists in all mammalian cells is catalyzing the detoxification of methylglyoxal. This review summarizes the methylglyoxal metabolism in normoglycaemic and hyperglycamic conditions and the role of methylglyoxal in the development of late diabetic microvascular complications.
短暂性或慢性高血糖会增加细胞内活性氧和醛类的形成。活性醛的积累与糖尿病并发症的发生有关。甲基乙二醛是一种葡萄糖依赖性α-二羰基化合物，可能是糖尿病及其并发症中最重要的活性醛。糖尿病是首个有证据表明细胞和血清中甲基乙二醛形成增加的疾病。甲基乙二醛对胰腺β细胞的胰岛素分泌以及蛋白质和核酸的修饰具有毒性作用。此外，甲基乙二醛是晚期糖基化终产物的主要前体之一。所有哺乳动物细胞中存在的乙二醛酶系统催化甲基乙二醛的解毒。本综述总结了正常血糖和高血糖条件下甲基乙二醛的代谢以及甲基乙二醛在晚期糖尿病微血管并发症发生中的作用。
