Study on the propagation parameters of Bessel-Gaussian beams carrying optical vortices through atmospheric turbulence.

Based on the integral representation of Bessel function and the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle, an integral expression of the Wigner distribution function (WDF) for partially coherent Bessel-Gaussian beams (PBGBs) propagating through turbulent atmosphere has been obtained. Also, the analytical formulas of the M2-factor for PBGB propagation in such a medium have been derived, which can be applied to cases of different spatial power spectra of the refractive index fluctuations. The performed numerical results reveal that the M2-factor of a PBGB in turbulent atmosphere depends on the beam parameters of the initial input beam, the structure constants of the turbulent atmosphere, and the propagation distance. These results may be useful in long-distance optical communications in free space or in turbulent atmosphere.