Rygh P
Odontologiske Institutter, Universitetet i Bergen.
Nor Tannlaegeforen Tid. 1990 Jun;100(9):377-81.
Cleft lip/palate patients are reported at birth to a national register and are referred to one of the cleft palate teams in Oslo or Bergen. The teams coordinate the active treatment periods by plastic surgery, orthodontics/jaw orthopedics, logopedics, otology, pediatrics, psychology and orthognatic surgery. Presurgical orthopedics is performed early after birth in some total clefts with very asymmetric jaw segments. Lip is closed at 3 months, hard and soft palate at 1 1/2 years. Only a few cases now need early protraction of the upper jaw due to growth restraint. Many need orthodontic repositioning of the jaw segments and establishment of good occlusion. Bone from the ileac crest is grafted to the cleft prior to eruption of the canine. This permits normal development of the alveolar bone and eruption or, if the lateral is missing, orthodontic mesialization of the canine, excluding prosthetic replacement.
唇腭裂患者在出生时会被上报至国家登记处，并被转介至奥斯陆或卑尔根的腭裂治疗团队之一。这些团队通过整形手术、正畸/颌骨矫形、言语治疗、耳科、儿科、心理和正颌外科来协调积极治疗阶段。对于一些颌骨节段非常不对称的完全性腭裂，出生后早期会进行术前矫形。唇裂在3个月时修复，硬腭和软腭在1.5岁时修复。由于生长受限，现在只有少数病例需要早期上颌前牵引。许多患者需要对颌骨节段进行正畸重新定位并建立良好的咬合关系。在尖牙萌出前，将髂嵴骨移植到腭裂处。这有助于牙槽骨的正常发育和牙齿萌出，或者，如果侧切牙缺失，则有助于尖牙的正畸近中移动，无需进行假体置换。
