Valente Eriton Egidio Lisboa, Paulino Mario Fonseca, Detmann Edenio, Valadares Filho Sebastião de Campos, Barros Livia Vieira, Cabral Carla Heloisa Avelino, Silva Aline Gomes, Duarte Marcio de Souza
Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), 36571-000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2012 Oct;44(7):1803-11. doi: 10.1007/s11250-012-0142-0. Epub 2012 Apr 4.
The performance of female calves in creep feeding under different strategies of supplementation and milk production, intake, and digestibility of grazing Nellore and crossbred cows (Nellore × Holstein) during the dry-rainy transition season were assessed. Forty-four female beef suckling calves, with initial age between 90 and 150 days and average initial body weight of 117.7 ± 4.3 kg, and their respective dams (24 Nellore and 20 crossbred) with average initial body weight of 417.5 ± 8.3 kg, were used. The experimental treatments consisted of: control group--mineral mixture only; strategy 1--supplementation from 112 days prior to weaning (0.375 kg/animal/day); strategy 2--supplementation from 112 days prior to weaning, in increasing amounts of 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, and 0.60 kg/animal/day through the four experimental periods, respectively; and strategy 3--supplementation from 56 days prior to weaning (0.750 kg/animal/day). Calves from strategy 1 had greater (P < 0.05) average daily gain (0.672 kg/day) than control animals (0.582 kg/day) and greater (P < 0.05) efficiency of supplement use than the other groups. Crossbred cows produced more milk than Nellore cows (P < 0.05). Crossbred cows presented greater (P < 0.05) dry matter intake (DMI) than Nellore cows. However, no differences were found (P > 0.05) for nutrient digestibility among genetic types. It can be concluded that strategies of supplementation that present an equitable distribution of supplement provides greater weight gain in suckling female beef calves. Crossbred cows produce more milk and present greater DMI than Nellore cows. There are no differences in the nutrient digestibility between Nellore and Nellore × Holstein crossbred cows.
评估了在不同补饲策略下，雌性犊牛在犊牛早期补饲中的表现，以及干旱-雨季过渡季节内放牧的内洛尔牛和杂交牛（内洛尔牛×荷斯坦牛）的产奶量、采食量和消化率。选用了44头雌性哺乳犊牛，初始年龄在90至150天之间，平均初始体重为117.7±4.3千克，以及它们各自的母牛（24头内洛尔牛和20头杂交牛），平均初始体重为417.5±8.3千克。实验处理包括：对照组——仅提供矿物质混合物；策略1——从断奶前112天开始补饲（0.375千克/头/天）；策略2——从断奶前112天开始补饲，在四个实验阶段分别以0.15、0.30、0.45和0.60千克/头/天的递增剂量补饲；策略3——从断奶前56天开始补饲（0.750千克/头/天）。策略1组的犊牛平均日增重（0.672千克/天）高于对照组动物（0.582千克/天）（P<0.05），且补饲利用效率高于其他组（P<0.05）。杂交母牛比内洛尔母牛产奶量更高（P<0.05）。杂交母牛的干物质采食量（DMI）高于内洛尔母牛（P<0.05）。然而，不同遗传类型之间的养分消化率没有差异（P>0.05）。可以得出结论，采用补饲量均匀分布的补饲策略能使哺乳雌性肉牛犊获得更大的体重增加。杂交母牛比内洛尔母牛产奶量更高，DMI也更高。内洛尔牛和内洛尔牛×荷斯坦杂交牛之间的养分消化率没有差异。
