Rohayem J, Kliesch S
Centrum für Reproduktionsmedizin und Andrologie, WHO Kooperationszentrum, EAA Ausbildungszentrum, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Gebäude D11, 48149, Münster, Deutschland.
Urologe A. 2012 Apr;51(4):557-64; quiz 565-6. doi: 10.1007/s00120-012-2808-7.
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is effective in prolonging the progression free survival of patients with symptomatic/metastatic prostate cancer (PC). The reduction of clinical symptoms of tumour disease and the reduction of tumour growth and metastatic dissemination is accompanied by systemic consequences of testosterone deficiency. These are hot flushes, fatigue due to reduction of muscular strength and muscle mass as well as anaemia. Moreover, patients develop cognitive impairment und depressive mood. Weight gain with insulin resistance, disturbances of lipid metabolism and gynecomastia are other effects of androgen deficiency. A decrease in bone mineral density may lead to an increased susceptibility to bone fractures. There are several options to reduce these side effects of ADT, e.g. physical activity, dietary supplementation, tailored pharmacological therapy and psychotherapy. The knowledge of these adjuvant treatment options, despite their palliative character, is relevant to optimize the quality of life of these patients.
雄激素剥夺疗法（ADT）可有效延长有症状/转移性前列腺癌（PC）患者的无进展生存期。肿瘤疾病临床症状的减轻以及肿瘤生长和转移扩散的减少伴随着睾酮缺乏的全身性后果。这些后果包括潮热、因肌肉力量和肌肉量减少导致的疲劳以及贫血。此外，患者会出现认知障碍和抑郁情绪。体重增加伴胰岛素抵抗、脂质代谢紊乱和男性乳房发育是雄激素缺乏的其他影响。骨矿物质密度降低可能导致骨折易感性增加。有多种方法可减少ADT的这些副作用，例如体育活动、膳食补充、针对性的药物治疗和心理治疗。尽管这些辅助治疗方法具有姑息性质，但了解它们对于优化这些患者的生活质量至关重要。
