Laboratory of Image Guided Surgery and Therapy, Med-X research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China.
Comput Med Imaging Graph. 2012 Jul;36(5):356-65. doi: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2012.03.001. Epub 2012 Apr 5.
Modeling organ deformation in real remains a challenge in virtual minimally invasive (MIS) surgery simulation. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid deformable model to simulate deformable organs in the real-time surgical training system. Our hybrid model uses boundary element method (BEM) to compute global deformation based on a coarse surface mesh and uses a mass-spring model to simulate the dynamic behaviors of soft tissue interacting with surgical instruments. The simulation result is coupled with a high-resolution rendering mesh through a particle surface interpolation algorithm. Accurate visual and haptic feedbacks are provided in real time and temporal behaviors of biological soft tissues including viscosity and creeping are modeled as well. We prove our model to be suitable to work in complex virtual surgical environment by integrating it into a MIS training system. The hybrid model is evaluated with respect to efficiency, accuracy and robustness by a series of experiments.
在虚拟微创 (MIS) 手术模拟中，对真实器官变形进行建模仍然是一个挑战。在本文中，我们提出了一种新的混合变形模型，以在实时手术培训系统中模拟可变形器官。我们的混合模型使用边界元方法 (BEM) 基于粗糙的表面网格计算全局变形，并使用质量-弹簧模型来模拟与手术器械相互作用的软组织的动态行为。模拟结果通过粒子曲面插值算法与高分辨率渲染网格耦合。实时提供准确的视觉和触觉反馈，并对包括粘性和蠕动在内的生物软组织的时变行为进行建模。我们通过将其集成到 MIS 培训系统中，证明了我们的模型适合在复杂的虚拟手术环境中工作。通过一系列实验，从效率、准确性和鲁棒性方面对混合模型进行了评估。
