Sotnikov O S, Kokurina T N, Kuznetsova I N, Vasyagina N Yu
Laboratory of Functional Morphology and Physiology of Neuron, I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Bull Exp Biol Med. 2011 Oct;151(6):757-60. doi: 10.1007/s10517-011-1433-6.
We studied isolated myelinated nerve fibers from frog sciatic nerve surviving in Ringer solution or in water-free liquid perfluorodecalin immiscible with water or mineral oil. Swelling of incisures and perikaryon, loosening of myelin in the node, and formation of the axial cylinder varicosities were found in the fibers surviving in Ringer solution after 5-7 h. The same process, swelling of Schmidt-Lantermann myelin incisures, Schwann cell perikaryon, and loosening of myelin lamellae in the Ranvier nodes was found in water-free perfluorodecalin medium. However, swelling of the perikaryon and incisures spread along the axial cylinder and the reaction of the fiber developed in perfluorodecalin much later and unfolded slower than in the control. These changes developed much sooner and progressed much more rapidly than in perfluorodecalin in fibers surviving in mineral oil. Swelling of the myelin sheath structures in water-free medium indicated an uncommon new form of the neuron-glia relationships: water translocation from the axial cylinder to Schwann cell under unfavorable conditions.
我们研究了取自青蛙坐骨神经的孤立有髓神经纤维，这些纤维在任氏液、与水不混溶的无水液体全氟萘烷或矿物油中存活。在任氏液中存活5 - 7小时后的纤维中，发现切迹和核周体肿胀、结处髓鞘松解以及轴突形成静脉曲张。在无水全氟萘烷培养基中也发现了同样的过程，即施密特 - 兰特尔曼髓鞘切迹、雪旺细胞核周体肿胀以及郎飞结处髓鞘板层松解。然而，核周体和切迹的肿胀沿轴突扩展，且纤维在全氟萘烷中的反应比对照组出现得晚得多，进展也更慢。与在矿物油中存活的纤维相比，这些变化出现得更早，进展也更快。无水培养基中髓鞘结构的肿胀表明了一种不寻常的新型神经元 - 神经胶质关系：在不利条件下，水从轴突转运至雪旺细胞。
