Solid State Physics Department, National Research Center, El-Behouth Street, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2012 May 21;25(5):1086-98. doi: 10.1021/tx300053h. Epub 2012 Apr 25.
Nanotoxicology test of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and gold-cobalt (Au-Co) nanoalloy is an important step in their safety evaluation for biomedical applications. The Au and Au-Co NPs were prepared by reducing the metal ions using sodium borohydride (NaBH(4)) in the presence of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as a capping material. The average size and shape of the nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized using high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Cobalt presence in the nanoalloy was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis, and the magnetic properties of these particles were determined using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The Gold and gold-cobalt NPs of average size 15 ± 1.5 nm were administered orally to mice with a dose of 80, 160, and 320 mg/kg per body weight (bw) using gavages. Samples were collected after 7 and 14 days of the treatment. The results indicated that the Au-Co NPs were able to induce significant alteration in the tumor-initiating genes associated with an increase of micronuclei (MNs) formation and generation of DNA adduct (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG) as well as a reduction in the glutathione peroxidase activity. This action of Au-Co NPs was observed using 160 and 320 mg/kg bw at both time intervals. However, Au NPs had much lower effects than Au-Co NPs on alteration in the tumor-initiating genes, frequency of MNs, and generation of 8-OHdG as well as glutathione peroxidase activity except with the highest dose of Au NPs. This study suggests that the potential to cause in vivo genetic and antioxidant enzyme alterations due to the treatment by Au-Co nanoalloy may be attributed to the increase in oxidative stress in mice.
金纳米粒子（Au NPs）和金-钴（Au-Co）纳米合金的纳米毒理学测试是其用于生物医学应用的安全性评估的重要步骤。Au 和 Au-Co NPs 是通过在存在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）作为封端材料的情况下使用硼氢化钠（NaBH(4)）还原金属离子制备的。使用高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）对纳米粒子（NPs）的平均尺寸和形状进行了表征。通过能谱分析（EDX）证实了纳米合金中钴的存在，并用振动样品磁强计（VSM）测定了这些颗粒的磁性。平均尺寸为 15 ± 1.5nm 的金和金-钴 NPs 通过灌胃以 80、160 和 320mg/kg 体重（bw）的剂量给予小鼠。在治疗后 7 和 14 天收集样品。结果表明，Au-Co NPs 能够诱导与微核（MNs）形成增加和 DNA 加合物（8-羟基-2-脱氧鸟苷，8-OHdG）生成以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性降低相关的肿瘤起始基因发生显著改变。在这两个时间间隔内，使用 160 和 320mg/kg bw 观察到 Au-Co NPs 的这种作用。然而，与 Au-Co NPs 相比，Au NPs 对肿瘤起始基因的改变、MNs 的频率、8-OHdG 的生成以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的影响要低得多，除了最高剂量的 Au NPs。本研究表明，由于 Au-Co 纳米合金的治疗，导致体内遗传和抗氧化酶改变的潜力可能归因于小鼠氧化应激的增加。
