Kovalovszki L, Villányi E, Benkó G
Department of Paediatrics, Municipal Hospital, Szentes, Hungary.
Acta Paediatr Hung. 1990;30(2):209-15.
This study was undertaken to determine the relationship between the placental villous edema and the characteristic sequelae of antenatal hypoxia, i.e. the need for resuscitation at birth and low pH values in umbilical arterial blood. Placental villous edema was recognized by finding of open spaces within the cytoplasm of intervillous cells and in the interstitium of the villi. The percentage of edematous villi was significantly higher in the group of newborns requiring resuscitation. The severity of the edema had a positive correlation with the need for resuscitation at birth and with the arterial blood pH values in the umbilical cord. Placenta praevia and maternal toxicosis were associated with high percentage of edematous villi. It is suggested that edema fluid interposed a barrier to gas exchange between mother and fetus. The capillaries were blocked by compression leading to reduction in blood flow through the villi. These abnormalities, if widespread, may reduce gas exchange. It is suggested that hypoxia could partly be prevented by preventing the development of placental villous edema.
本研究旨在确定胎盘绒毛水肿与产前缺氧的特征性后遗症之间的关系，即出生时需要复苏以及脐动脉血pH值较低。通过在绒毛间隙细胞的细胞质内和绒毛间质中发现开放空间来识别胎盘绒毛水肿。在需要复苏的新生儿组中，水肿绒毛的百分比显著更高。水肿的严重程度与出生时的复苏需求以及脐带中的动脉血pH值呈正相关。前置胎盘和母体中毒与水肿绒毛的高百分比相关。提示水肿液在母胎之间的气体交换中构成了一道屏障。毛细血管因受压而阻塞，导致通过绒毛的血流减少。如果这些异常广泛存在，可能会减少气体交换。提示通过预防胎盘绒毛水肿的发生，可部分预防缺氧。
