Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Cook Campus/New Jersey Agricultural Station, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
J Food Prot. 2012 Apr;75(4):731-7. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-11-221.
Waste grease lipids used in animal feeds have been the cause of food recalls in Europe, where such materials were incorporated into animal feedstuffs. This resulted in unwanted residues in human food. The composition of such lipid sources has been lacking. Seventeen composite trap grease and isolated brown grease samples were analyzed. Analytes included nutrients, metals, and volatile organic compounds. Analytes were selected for relevance to wastewater treatment and resource reuse potential. Moisture averaged 89.4% and the pH was 3.8. The 5-day biological oxygen demand was 32,531 mg/liter, solids were 7.5%, and fats, oil, and grease were 48,970 mg/liter. Non-polychlorinated biphenyl volatile organic compounds were surveyed. In the 17 grease samples, 14 contained an average of 102.5 μg/liter chloroform; 11 samples contained acetone, averaging 369 μg/liter; 9 samples contained 2-butanone, with an average of 484 μg/liter; and 8 contained an average of 710 μg/liter methylene chloride and toluene at 311 μg/liter. The mean concentration of copper in 17 composite samples ranged from 15 to 239 mg/liter, iron averaged 314 mg/liter, lead means ranged from 2.5 to 24 mg/liter, and magnesium averaged 975 mg/liter. It is hypothesized that food preparation facility cleaning and chlorinated cleaning-disinfection agents combined with the organics in the low-pH environment of the traps produce potentially carcinogenic compounds. It is recommended that these waste grease materials be used as a feedstock for biofuel.
废弃油脂脂质在动物饲料中一直是欧洲食品召回的原因，因为这些材料被纳入动物饲料中。这导致了人类食物中出现了不需要的残留物质。这些脂质来源的成分一直缺乏分析。分析了 17 个复合陷阱油脂和分离的棕色油脂样本。分析物包括营养物质、金属和挥发性有机化合物。选择分析物是为了与废水处理和资源再利用潜力相关。水分平均为 89.4%，pH 值为 3.8。5 天生物需氧量为 32531 毫克/升，固体为 7.5%，脂肪、油和油脂为 48970 毫克/升。调查了非多氯联苯挥发性有机化合物。在 17 个油脂样本中，有 14 个样本平均含有 102.5 微克/升的氯仿；11 个样本含有丙酮，平均浓度为 369 微克/升；9 个样本含有 2-丁酮，平均浓度为 484 微克/升；8 个样本平均含有 710 微克/升的二氯甲烷和 311 微克/升的甲苯。在 17 个复合样本中，铜的平均浓度范围为 15 至 239 毫克/升，铁的平均浓度为 314 毫克/升，铅的平均浓度范围为 2.5 至 24 毫克/升，镁的平均浓度为 975 毫克/升。据推测，食品制备设施的清洁和氯化清洁-消毒剂与陷阱中低 pH 环境下的有机物结合，产生了潜在的致癌化合物。建议将这些废油脂材料用作生物燃料的原料。
