Liu Xiao-Lin, Zheng Wei-Wei, Wei Xiao, Chen Han-Yi, Wang Xia, Zhang Hong-Mei, Jiang Song-Hui, He Geng-Sheng, Qu Wei-Dong
Key Laboratory of Public Health and Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environment Health, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2012 Feb;46(2):133-8.
This work aimed to investigate the carbon-, nitrogen-, iodine-containing disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation and pollution situation in different treatment processes and pipe water of a water plant in Jiangsu province China.
12 water samples were collected from raw water, different time points after the addition of chlorine, finished water and pipe water in July, 2011. Trihalomethanes (THM(4)), haloacetic acids (HAA(6)), haloacetonitriles (HAN(s)), chloropicrin (CPs), haloketones (HK(s)), iodoform (IF) and iodoacetic acid (IAA) were detected by gas chromatography with electron capture detector (GC-ECD) after liquid-liquid extraction. Nitrosamines (NAms) were detected by gas chromatography with mass spectrometer (GC-MS) after solid-phase extraction. The concentration of DBPs was represented as the mean of duplicate samples.
Most DBPs were found in water treatment processes except dibromochloromethane (0.61 µg/L), chloroform (1.64 µg/L) and N-nitrosodimethylamine (3.06 ng/L), which were detected in raw water. Pre-chlorination formed HAA(6) (5.01 µg/L), HKs (0.66 µg/L), HANs (0.57 µg/L) and NAms (98.09 ng/L). Chlorination and post-chlorination led to a dramatic increase in the levels of THM(4), HAA(6) (70.31 and 43.71 µg/L, respectively), while Nams didn't increase. In finished water, bromodichloromethane (34.12 µg/L) had the highest concentration among THM(4) (70.31 µg/L), and so was trichloroacetic acid (13.45 µg/L) among HAA(6) (43.71 µg/L). Levels of HANs, HKs, and CPs were 14.96, 2.32, 0.96 µg/L, respectively. Levels of N-nitrosodimethylamine and N-nitrosodipropylamine were 21.22, 69.43 ng/L, respectively. IAA, IF and other six NAms including N-nitrosomethylethylamine, N-nitrosodiethylamine, N-nitrosopyrrolidine, N-nitrosomorpholine, N-nitrosopiperidine and N-nitrosodibutylamine were not detected in all water samples.
Levels of DBPs in this water plant are relative high.and measures should be taken to control DBPs.
本研究旨在调查中国江苏省某水厂不同处理工艺及管网水中含碳、氮、碘消毒副产物（DBPs）的生成情况及污染状况。
于2011年7月采集了12份水样，分别来自原水、加氯后不同时间点的水样、出厂水和管网水。液液萃取后，采用带电子捕获检测器的气相色谱法（GC - ECD）检测三卤甲烷（THM(4)）、卤乙酸（HAA(6)）、卤乙腈（HAN(s)）、氯化苦（CPs）、卤代酮（HK(s)）、碘仿（IF）和碘乙酸（IAA）。固相萃取后，采用带质谱仪的气相色谱法（GC - MS）检测亚硝胺（NAms）。DBPs浓度以平行双样的平均值表示。
除二溴一氯甲烷（0.61 μg/L）、氯仿（1.64 μg/L）和N - 亚硝基二甲胺（3.06 ng/L）在原水中被检测到外，大多数DBPs在水处理过程中被发现。预氯化形成了HAA(6)（5.01 μg/L）、HKs（0.66 μg/L）、HANs（0.57 μg/L）和NAms（98.09 ng/L）。氯化和后氯化导致THM(4)、HAA(6)水平显著升高（分别为70.31和43.71 μg/L），而亚硝胺未增加。在出厂水中，三溴一氯甲烷（34.12 μg/L）在THM(4)（70.31 μg/L）中浓度最高，三氯乙酸（13.45 μg/L）在HAA(6)（43.71 μg/L）中浓度最高。HANs、HKs和CPs的水平分别为14.96、2.32、0.96 μg/L。N - 亚硝基二甲胺和N - 亚硝基二丙胺的水平分别为21.22、69.43 ng/L。在所有水样中均未检测到IAA、IF以及其他六种亚硝胺，包括N - 亚硝基甲乙胺、N - 亚硝基二乙胺、N - 亚硝基吡咯烷、N - 亚硝基吗啉、N - 亚硝基哌啶和N - 亚硝基二丁胺。
该水厂DBPs水平相对较高，应采取措施控制DBPs。
