Berkeley School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 May 17;53(6):3040-6. doi: 10.1167/iovs.11-8226.
The purpose of our study is to determine whether neuroretinal function, measured by the multifocal electroretinogram, differs between males and females with type 2 diabetes and no retinopathy.
This study included 70 eyes from 70 adult subjects (14 control males, 22 control females, 16 males with type 2 diabetes, and 18 females with type 2 diabetes). A template-scaling technique was used to obtain first-order P1 implicit times and N1-P1 amplitudes from photopic multifocal electroretinograms within the central 45 degrees.
The males with type 2 diabetes were significantly more abnormal than their female counterparts in two separate analyses of local neuroretinal function. First, the total number of retinal locations with an abnormally delayed implicit time (z score ≥ 2) was higher (P < 0.001) in the diabetic males (482 locations = 29.2%) compared to the diabetic females (298 locations = 16.1%). Second, in the response topographies that consisted of 103 means of local implicit times for each group, the diabetic males were significantly delayed (P < 0.025) at 23 corresponding positions (22.3%) compared to the diabetic females. At the same time, no corresponding stimulus locations were significantly delayed in the diabetic females compared to the diabetic males.
Neuroretinal function is more abnormal in males than in females for adults with type 2 diabetes and no retinopathy. These results suggest that, relative to males, females may have some protection from, or resistance to, neurodegenerative changes that precede the development of background retinopathy in type 2 diabetes.
我们研究的目的是确定是否神经视网膜功能，通过多焦视网膜电图测量，在 2 型糖尿病且无视网膜病变的男性和女性之间存在差异。
这项研究包括 70 只眼睛的 70 名成年受试者（14 名正常男性、22 名正常女性、16 名 2 型糖尿病男性和 18 名 2 型糖尿病女性）。使用模板缩放技术从 45 度中央的明视多焦视网膜电图中获得一阶 P1 潜伏期和 N1-P1 振幅。
在对局部神经视网膜功能的两次独立分析中，2 型糖尿病男性比女性明显更异常。首先，异常延迟的潜伏期（z 评分≥2）的视网膜位置总数在糖尿病男性中（482 个位置=29.2%）显著高于糖尿病女性（298 个位置=16.1%）（P<0.001）。其次，在由每组 103 个局部潜伏期均值组成的反应地形图中，糖尿病男性在 23 个对应位置（22.3%）显著延迟（P<0.025），而糖尿病女性则没有明显延迟。同时，在糖尿病女性中，没有对应的刺激位置与糖尿病男性相比明显延迟。
在 2 型糖尿病且无视网膜病变的成年患者中，神经视网膜功能在男性中比女性更异常。这些结果表明，与男性相比，女性可能对神经退行性变化有一定的保护作用，或者对其有一定的抵抗力，而这种变化是在 2 型糖尿病背景性视网膜病变发生之前发生的。
