Department of Family Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2013 Jan;15(1):69-76. doi: 10.1093/ntr/nts085. Epub 2012 Apr 6.
While several studies of smoking behaviors in rural-to-urban Chinese migrants exist, none to our knowledge have focused on factory workers, estimated to represent between 10% and 20% of China's total rural-to-urban migratory population. This paper assesses factors associated with smoking behavior among rural-to-urban migrant factory workers in Shenzhen, China.
A cross-sectional survey of migrant workers from 44 randomly selected factories in Shenzhen, China. Participants were migrant factory workers aged 16-59 years and holding nonlocal household registration. The main outcome measures were demographic, migration-related, and behavioral factors associated with smoking status.
Four thousand and eighty-eight completed questionnaires were obtained (response rate 95.5%). Overall smoking prevalence (including occasional, daily, and heavy daily smoking) was 19.1%. The prevalence of daily smoking (including heavy daily smoking) was higher in men (27.3%) than women (0.7%). These rates are significantly lower than national smoking rates (59.5% in men, 3.7% in women) and rates found in a similar study. A high-risk group of men who smoke heavily and consume alcohol frequently was identified. Longer working hours and less rest were associated with higher rates of smoking. Frequent Internet use and lack of insurance were associated with lifetime smoking. Gender-adjusted models showed that poorer mental health and an accumulated working time in Shenzhen of 2-3 years increased female workers' likelihood of smoking.
Migrant factory workers in Shenzhen had lower rates of smoking than other population groups in China. The identification of risk factors for heavy smoking may help to effectively target health promotion interventions.
虽然有几项针对农村到城市的中国移民吸烟行为的研究，但据我们所知，没有一项研究专门针对工厂工人，他们估计占中国农村到城市移民总人口的 10%至 20%。本文评估了中国深圳农村到城市移民工厂工人吸烟行为的相关因素。
对中国深圳 44 家随机选定工厂的移民工人进行横断面调查。参与者为年龄在 16 至 59 岁、持有非本地户籍的移民工厂工人。主要观察指标为与吸烟状况相关的人口统计学、迁移相关和行为因素。
共获得 4088 份完整问卷（应答率 95.5%）。总体吸烟率（包括偶尔吸烟、每日吸烟和重度每日吸烟）为 19.1%。男性（27.3%）的每日吸烟率（包括重度每日吸烟）高于女性（0.7%）。这些比率明显低于全国吸烟率（男性 59.5%，女性 3.7%）和类似研究中的比率。确定了一个高风险的男性群体，他们大量吸烟且经常饮酒。工作时间较长和休息时间较少与吸烟率较高相关。经常使用互联网和缺乏保险与终身吸烟有关。性别调整模型显示，心理健康状况较差和在深圳工作累计时间为 2-3 年，增加了女性工人吸烟的可能性。
深圳的移民工厂工人吸烟率低于中国其他人群。确定重度吸烟的风险因素可能有助于有效地针对健康促进干预措施。
