Davidson Peter L, Taylor Michael C, Wilson Suzanne J, Walsh Kevan A J, Kieser Jules A
Injury Prevention Research Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
J Forensic Sci. 2012 Sep;57(5):1339-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02143.x. Epub 2012 Apr 11.
Gunshot backspatter comprises biological material expelled backward through bullet entry holes. Crime scene investigators analyze backspatter patterns to infer wounding circumstances. An understanding of the mechanism of backspatter generation, and the relationship between spatter patterns and bullet and tissue characteristics, would enhance the predictive value of such analysis. We examined soft-tissue ballistic wounding responses to determine the underlying components and how these might be relevant to the generation of backspatter. We identified five mechanistic components to ballistic wounding (elastic, viscous, crushing, cutting, and thermal), each related to mechanical disciplines (respectively, solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, fracture mechanics, rheology, and thermodynamics). We identified potential roles for these five components in backspatter formation and provide a scenario whereby a sequence of events incorporating these components could lead to backspatter generation and expulsion. This research provides a framework for the mathematical representation, and subsequent computational predictive modeling, of backspatter generation and pattern formation.
枪击回溅物包括通过子弹入口孔向后喷出的生物物质。犯罪现场调查人员分析回溅模式以推断致伤情况。了解回溅物产生的机制以及溅落模式与子弹和组织特征之间的关系，将提高此类分析的预测价值。我们研究了软组织弹道创伤反应，以确定其潜在组成部分以及这些部分与回溅物产生的相关性。我们确定了弹道创伤的五个机制组成部分（弹性、粘性、挤压、切割和热），每个部分都与力学学科相关（分别为固体力学、流体力学、断裂力学、流变学和热力学）。我们确定了这五个组成部分在回溅物形成中的潜在作用，并提供了一个情景，其中包含这些组成部分的一系列事件可能导致回溅物的产生和喷出。这项研究为回溅物产生和模式形成的数学表示以及后续的计算预测建模提供了一个框架。
