感觉统合疗法对自伤行为的人为影响。
Artifactual effects of sensory-integrative therapy on self-injurious behavior.
作者信息
Mason S A, Iwata B A
机构信息
Department of Special Education, University of Maryland, College Park 20742.
出版信息
J Appl Behav Anal. 1990 Fall;23(3):361-70. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1990.23-361.
Three individuals who exhibited self-injurious behavior (SIB) were exposed to sensory-integrative therapy. Prior to treatment, a functional analysis baseline was conducted to identify the motivational features of their SIB. One subject's SIB appeared to be an attention-getting response (maintained by positive reinforcement), which varied subsequently as a function of attention being either withheld or provided noncontingently during sensory-integration sessions. The 2nd subject displayed a pattern of responding suggestive of stereotypic SIB (maintained by automatic reinforcement), which paradoxically increased during sensory-integration sessions. The 3rd subject's SIB appeared to function as an escape response (maintained by negative reinforcement), and his behavior during sensory-integration sessions was similar to that observed during baseline sessions in which demands were not present. The SIB of all 3 subjects later was reduced when behavior interventions were applied. The data presented raise questions about the active components of sensory-integrative therapy and the functional types of SIB for which it might be appropriate.
三名表现出自伤行为（SIB）的个体接受了感觉统合治疗。在治疗前，进行了功能分析基线评估，以确定其自伤行为的动机特征。一名受试者的自伤行为似乎是一种寻求关注的反应（由正强化维持），在感觉统合治疗期间，随着关注的被撤回或非连续性给予，这种反应随后发生了变化。第二名受试者表现出一种提示刻板自伤行为的反应模式（由自动强化维持），矛盾的是，这种行为在感觉统合治疗期间有所增加。第三名受试者的自伤行为似乎起到了逃避反应的作用（由负强化维持），他在感觉统合治疗期间的行为与在无要求的基线评估期间观察到的行为相似。当应用行为干预措施后，所有三名受试者的自伤行为都有所减少。所呈现的数据引发了关于感觉统合治疗的有效成分以及可能适用的自伤行为功能类型的问题。
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