Development and enhancement of self-esteem in children.

Self esteem has been recognized as an important factor in a child's development. This literature review explores components of a child's self esteem, the development of self esteem, and roles parents can play in enhancing a child's self esteem. Pediatric nurse practitioners (PNPs) are in an excellent position to help parents understand their child's self esteem development and to assist parents in structuring an environment conducive to this development. Important areas for PNPs to explore with parents include expectations for their children, effective communication techniques, discipline strategies, child-centered guidance, and methods to promote children's autonomy.