Hornor Gail, Bretl Deborah, Chapman Evelyn, Chiocca Ellen, Donnell Carrie, Doughty Katharine, Houser Susan, Marshall Bridget, Morris Kristen, Quinones Saribel Garcia
J Pediatr Health Care. 2015 Nov-Dec;29(6):526-35. doi: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2015.04.016. Epub 2015 May 12.
Corporal punishment (CP) is defined as the use of physical force with the intention of causing a child to experience pain but not injury for the purpose of correction or control of the child's behavior. CP has been linked to a variety of negative consequences for children, including physical abuse, eternalizing behavioral problems, and slowed cognitive development. Many American children continue to experience CP at the hands of their parents and other caregivers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate learner attitude toward CP before and after implementation of a pediatric nurse practitioner-designed educational intervention and influences upon learner attitude and beliefs about CP.
This study used a pre- and postsurvey design to assess learner attitude about CP before and after participation in an educational intervention. Influences upon learner attitudes and beliefs regarding CP were also described. Learners (N = 882) were health care providers.
Nearly all learners (n = 747; 84.7%) stated that the way their parents disciplined them influenced their attitudes toward CP. Fewer than one fifth of learners who were also parents (n = 126; 14.4%) reported that their child's health care provider had ever discussed child discipline with them. Prior to the educational intervention, more than one third of learners (n = 351; 39.88%) endorsed spanking as sometimes necessary, yet significantly fewer learners (n = 251; 28.9%; p < .001) made this statement after the educational intervention. Child discipline management was included in the health care provider education for fewer than half of learners (n = 365; 41.4%).
The potential for experiencing CP as a child to result in negative consequences for children has been well documented, yet many American parents continue to use CP as a form of child discipline, and some pediatric health care professionals continue to endorse its use. Pediatric health care providers, including nurses and pediatric nurse practitioners, need to be educated about child discipline and CP. All pediatric health care providers need to advocate for the use of positive parenting principles and discourage the use of CP.
体罚被定义为使用身体力量，目的是让孩子体验疼痛但不造成伤害，以纠正或控制孩子的行为。体罚与儿童的各种负面后果有关，包括身体虐待、使行为问题长期化以及认知发展迟缓。许多美国儿童仍在父母和其他照顾者手中遭受体罚。本研究的目的是评估在实施由儿科护士从业者设计的教育干预前后学习者对体罚的态度，以及该干预对学习者关于体罚的态度和信念的影响。
本研究采用前后调查设计，以评估学习者在参与教育干预前后对体罚的态度。还描述了对学习者关于体罚的态度和信念的影响。学习者（N = 882）为医疗保健提供者。
几乎所有学习者（n = 747；84.7%）表示，父母管教他们的方式影响了他们对体罚的态度。同时身为父母的学习者中，不到五分之一（n = 126；14.4%）报告称其孩子的医疗保健提供者曾与他们讨论过儿童管教问题。在教育干预之前，超过三分之一的学习者（n = 351；39.88%）认可打屁股有时是必要的，但在教育干预之后做出这种表述的学习者明显减少（n = 251；28.9%；p <.001）。不到一半的学习者（n = 365；41.4%）在医疗保健提供者教育中接受过儿童管教管理方面的内容。
儿童时期遭受体罚可能给儿童带来负面后果，这一点已有充分记录，但许多美国父母仍将体罚作为一种管教孩子的方式，一些儿科医疗保健专业人员也继续认可其使用。包括护士和儿科护士从业者在内的儿科医疗保健提供者需要接受关于儿童管教和体罚的教育。所有儿科医疗保健提供者都需要倡导使用积极的育儿原则，并劝阻使用体罚。
