Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.
J Diabetes Complications. 2012 May-Jun;26(3):175-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2012.03.009. Epub 2012 Apr 12.
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common non-communicable diseases globally. This study seeks to estimate the prevalence of impaired fasting glycemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus in genetically isolated populations in Jordan: the Circassians and Chechans.
Data were analyzed from a cross-sectional study that included a random sample of adult Circassians and Chechans. A subject was defined as affected by diabetes mellitus if diagnosis was known to patient or, according to the American Diabetes Association definition. Impaired fasting glucose was defined as a fasting serum glucose level of ≥6.1 mmol/L (100 mg/dl) but <7 mmol/L. HbA(1c) >7% was defined as 'unsatisfactory' metabolic control.
The prevalence of impaired fasting glycemia was 18.5% for Circassians and 14.6% for Chechans. Prevalence of diabetes was 9.6% for Circassians and 10.1% for Chechans. The prevalence of impaired fasting glycemia and diabetes were significantly higher in men, older age groups, married, subjects of lower educational level, past smokers, and subjects with obesity. Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was the most common abnormality in the two populations.
The homogenous, genetically isolated Circassian and Chechan populations sharing the same environmental influences suggest a role for genetic risk factors for diabetes. Thus these two populations are suitable for additional genetics studies that may lead to the identification of novel risk factors for type 2 diabetes. In addition, more than half of patients with diabetes were with unsatisfactory control. Therefore, they are likely to benefit from programs encouraging healthy weight and physical activity.
糖尿病是全球最常见的非传染性疾病之一。本研究旨在评估约旦遗传隔离人群（切尔卡西亚人和车臣人）空腹血糖受损和 2 型糖尿病的患病率。
本研究为横断面研究，纳入了随机抽取的成年切尔卡西亚人和车臣人样本。根据患者自述或美国糖尿病协会的定义，如果诊断为糖尿病，则将受试者定义为患病。空腹血糖受损定义为空腹血清葡萄糖水平≥6.1mmol/L（100mg/dl）但<7mmol/L。HbA1c>7%定义为代谢控制“不满意”。
切尔卡西亚人的空腹血糖受损患病率为 18.5%，车臣人为 14.6%。切尔卡西亚人的糖尿病患病率为 9.6%，车臣人为 10.1%。空腹血糖受损和糖尿病的患病率在男性、年龄较大的人群、已婚人群、教育程度较低的人群、曾经吸烟的人群和肥胖人群中显著更高。低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇是这两个人群中最常见的异常。
具有相同遗传背景和遗传风险因素的遗传隔离切尔卡西亚人和车臣人具有相似的环境影响，这表明遗传因素可能与糖尿病有关。因此，这两个人群适合进行额外的遗传学研究，这可能有助于发现 2 型糖尿病的新的危险因素。此外，超过一半的糖尿病患者控制不理想。因此，他们可能受益于鼓励健康体重和体育活动的项目。
