Geier David A, Kern Janet K, King Paul G, Sykes Lisa K, Geier Mark R
The Institute of Chronic Illnesses, Inc., Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 2012;72(1):1-17. doi: 10.55782/ane-2012-1876.
Autism, Asperger's syndrome (AS), and pervasive developmental disorder - not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) compose the overall diagnostic category of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Subjects diagnosed with an ASD have a male:female ratio of 4:1, and among subjects diagnosed with AS the male:female ratio is as high as 9:1. The purpose of this study was to examine evidence of the association between hyperandrogenism and autistic traits (ATs) among subjects diagnosed with an ASD, and to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-androgen therapy as a means to help treat ATs in subjects diagnosed with an ASD. Evidence of hyperandrogenism in subjects diagnosed with an ASD is supported by multiple studies in the areas of psychological framework, brain pathology, tissue culture, and pre- and postnatal androgen levels. Data from subjects diagnosed with other conditions associated with elevated androgens reveals many of these individuals have ATs. Finally, in a placebo-controlled trial of testosterone administration to neurotypical subjects, testosterone was found to increase ATs. In addition, a controlled trial of human transsexuals revealed a significant increase in ATs in female-to-male transsexuals and a decrease in ATs in male-to-female transsexuals. Data from multiple animals and human clinical trials suggest that antiandrogen medications have the ability to significantly reduce ATs in patients diagnosed with an ASD. In light of the robust association between hyperandrogenism and ASD, it is recommended subjects diagnosed with an ASD should undergo routine screening for elevated androgens, and appropriate treatment should be initiated for those with elevated androgens.
自闭症、阿斯伯格综合征（AS）以及未特定的广泛性发育障碍（PDD-NOS）构成了自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）这一总体诊断类别。被诊断为患有ASD的患者中，男女比例为4:1，而在被诊断为患有AS的患者中，男女比例高达9:1。本研究的目的是检验在被诊断为患有ASD的患者中，高雄激素血症与自闭症特征（ATs）之间关联的证据，并评估抗雄激素疗法作为帮助治疗被诊断为患有ASD患者的ATs的一种手段的有效性。在心理框架、脑病理学、组织培养以及产前和产后雄激素水平等领域的多项研究支持了被诊断为患有ASD的患者存在高雄激素血症的证据。来自被诊断患有与雄激素升高相关的其他病症的患者的数据显示，这些个体中有许多具有自闭症特征。最后，在一项对神经典型受试者进行睾酮给药的安慰剂对照试验中，发现睾酮会增加自闭症特征。此外，一项对人类变性者的对照试验显示，女性向男性变性者的自闭症特征显著增加，而男性向女性变性者的自闭症特征减少。来自多个动物和人类临床试验的数据表明，抗雄激素药物有能力显著降低被诊断为患有ASD患者的自闭症特征。鉴于高雄激素血症与ASD之间存在紧密关联，建议被诊断为患有ASD的患者应接受雄激素升高的常规筛查，对于雄激素升高的患者应启动适当的治疗。
