School of Engineering Design and Technology, University of Bradford, Great Horton Road, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK.
Water Sci Technol. 2012;65(9):1639-47. doi: 10.2166/wst.2012.058.
After an increase in capital investment in UK sewers to reduce hydraulic capacity problems, the proportion of sewer flooding incidents now linked to blockages has increased. It is clear that if sewer operators are to continue to reduce flooding incidents, then better blockage management is now required. Sewer blockage formation is poorly understood; blockages are intermittent and occur in a number of circumstances. This paper reports on the development of low-cost acoustic instrumentation that can identify the location of a pipe blockage and then estimate the local head loss as a result of the presence of a blockage. A set of experiments were carried out in two full-scale laboratory pipes. The pipes' condition was altered by inserting blockages of different sizes. Acoustic data were recorded and presented in terms of the acoustic energy reflected from the partially blocked pipe. The results of this study show that the total reflected acoustic energy correlates with the measured head loss. A new empirical relation between the reflected acoustic energy and head loss due to a blockage is derived. This knowledge can then be used to estimate the reduction in flow capacity resulting from a blockage based on a single remote measurement.
在英国下水道增加资本投资以减少水力容量问题之后，现在与堵塞有关的下水道泛滥事件的比例有所增加。显然，如果下水道运营商要继续减少洪水事件，那么现在需要更好的堵塞管理。下水道堵塞的形成还不太清楚；堵塞是间歇性的，发生在多种情况下。本文介绍了低成本声学仪器的开发，该仪器可以识别管道堵塞的位置，然后估算由于堵塞而导致的局部水头损失。在两个全尺寸实验室管道中进行了一组实验。通过插入不同大小的堵塞物来改变管道的状况。记录了声学数据，并根据从部分堵塞的管道反射的声能表示。这项研究的结果表明，总反射声能与测量的水头损失相关。得出了一个新的堵塞引起的反射声能和水头损失之间的经验关系。然后，可以根据单个远程测量来估计堵塞导致的流量减少。
