Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Neuroimage. 2012 Jul 2;61(3):738-47. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.03.085. Epub 2012 Apr 6.
Emotional communication is essential for successful social interactions. Emotional information can be expressed at verbal and nonverbal levels. If the verbal message contradicts the nonverbal expression, usually the nonverbal information is perceived as being more authentic, revealing the "true feelings" of the speaker. The present fMRI study investigated the cerebral integration of verbal (sentences expressing the emotional state of the speaker) and nonverbal (facial expressions and tone of voice) emotional signals using ecologically valid audiovisual stimulus material. More specifically, cerebral activation associated with the relative impact of nonverbal information on judging the affective state of a speaker (individual nonverbal dominance index, INDI) was investigated. Perception of nonverbally expressed emotions was associated with bilateral activation within the amygdala, fusiform face area (FFA), temporal voice area (TVA), and the posterior temporal cortex as well as in the midbrain and left inferior orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)/left insula. Verbally conveyed emotions were linked to increased responses bilaterally in the TVA. Furthermore, the INDI correlated with responses in the left amygdala elicited by nonverbal and verbal emotional stimuli. Correlation of the INDI with the activation within the medial OFC was observed during the processing of communicative signals. These results suggest that individuals with a higher degree of nonverbal dominance have an increased sensitivity not only to nonverbal but to emotional stimuli in general.
情感沟通对于成功的社交互动至关重要。情感信息可以在言语和非言语层面上表达。如果言语信息与非言语表达相矛盾,通常人们会认为非言语信息更真实,更能揭示说话者的“真实感受”。本 fMRI 研究使用生态有效的视听刺激材料,研究了言语(表达说话者情绪状态的句子)和非言语(面部表情和语调)情感信号的大脑整合。更具体地说,研究了与非言语信息对判断说话者情绪状态的相对影响相关的大脑激活(个体非言语主导指数,INDI)。非言语表达的情感感知与杏仁核、梭状回面部区域(FFA)、颞语音区域(TVA)和颞后皮质以及中脑和左侧眶额皮质下(OFC)/左侧脑岛的双侧激活有关。言语传达的情感与 TVA 双侧反应增加有关。此外,INDI 与非言语和言语情感刺激引起的左侧杏仁核反应相关。在处理交际信号时,观察到 INDI 与内侧 OFC 的激活相关。这些结果表明,具有较高非言语主导地位的个体不仅对非言语刺激,而且对一般情感刺激的敏感性更高。