Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Int J Clin Pharm. 2012 Jun;34(3):490-500. doi: 10.1007/s11096-012-9636-0. Epub 2012 Apr 24.
Effective control of diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2) can reduce the development and progression of diabetic complications. Therefore, patient education should be considered as an integral part of diabetes management.
The aim of the study was to assess DM patients' perception of knowledge for their medication and attitude towards self-management and pharmacist's role.
The study was conducted at the diabetes out-patient clinic at the Vienna General Hospital (AKH), Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Austria.
The study was a cross sectional survey using patient data from a validated patient questionnaire and medical records. Medical records were evaluated by applying a medication assessment tool.
To assess the quality of diabetes self management the following outcome measures are considered: HbA1c levels, pre- and post-prandial blood glucose levels, prevention of acute episodes of hypo- and hyperglycaemia, reduction of macrovascular risk factors, short term quality of life, adverse effects and treatment tolerance.
The present study comprised 225 patients with DM1 and 201 patients with DM2, respectively. In comparison to DM2 patients, cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases were diagnosed very rarely in patients with DM1. The risk for these diseases was higher in patients with other factors of the metabolic syndrome, in addition. Overall, 118 of these patients participated in the questionnaire. The level of positive response on diabetes self-care and knowledge with respect to medication for the prevention of diabetes complications, glycaemic control, and treatment goals in diabetes was 81.8 %. The comparison of patients' perceptions of diabetes self-care and knowledge showed differences among subgroups. Higher perceived knowledge and self-care apparently was associated with DM1. Additional findings of this study indicate that patients do not expect community pharmacists to be integrated in a multidisciplinary diabetes care team.
Although the level of positive response was found to be high there is still a minority of patients whose level of comprehension appears to be insufficient. Intense pharmaceutical care including patients' education within a multidisciplinary team could contribute to improvements in those patients.
有效控制 1 型糖尿病（DM1）和 2 型糖尿病（DM2）可以减少糖尿病并发症的发生和发展。因此，患者教育应被视为糖尿病管理的一个组成部分。
本研究旨在评估 DM 患者对其药物治疗的认知程度、自我管理态度以及对药剂师作用的看法。
该研究在奥地利维也纳综合医院（AKH）内分泌和代谢科、内科 III 科的糖尿病门诊进行。
该研究采用了经过验证的患者问卷和病历中的患者数据进行横断面调查。病历通过应用药物评估工具进行评估。
评估糖尿病自我管理的质量，考虑以下指标：糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平、餐前和餐后血糖水平、预防急性低血糖和高血糖发作、减少大血管危险因素、短期生活质量、不良反应和治疗耐受性。
本研究纳入了 225 例 DM1 患者和 201 例 DM2 患者。与 DM2 患者相比，DM1 患者很少被诊断出患有心血管和脑血管疾病。此外，患有其他代谢综合征因素的患者患这些疾病的风险更高。总体而言，其中 118 例患者参与了问卷调查。在预防糖尿病并发症、血糖控制和糖尿病治疗目标方面，对糖尿病自我护理和药物治疗知识的积极响应水平为 81.8%。对患者对糖尿病自我护理和知识的认知进行比较，发现存在亚组差异。更高的认知和自我护理水平显然与 DM1 相关。这项研究的其他发现表明，患者不期望社区药剂师纳入多学科糖尿病护理团队。
尽管积极响应的水平较高，但仍有一小部分患者的理解水平似乎不足。包括患者在内的多学科团队中的强化药物治疗，包括患者教育，可以帮助改善这些患者的状况。
