School of Social Welfare, University at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
Child Maltreat. 2012 May;17(2):119-31. doi: 10.1177/1077559512444593. Epub 2012 May 1.
Prevalence rates of childhood maltreatment among Hispanic women in the United States are presented separately for nativity status and ethnic origin subgroups, and the associations between different types of maltreatment and the development of anxiety and depressive disorders are examined. Analyses used self-report data from 1,427 Hispanic women who participated in the National Latino and Asian American Survey. Foreign-born Hispanic women compared to U.S.-born Hispanic women reported significantly lower rates of sexual assault and witnessing interpersonal violence, and a significantly higher rate of being beaten. Ethnic subgroups reported similar rates of maltreatment, with the exception of rape. Bivariate analyses were remarkably consistent in that regardless of nativity status or ethnic subgroup, each type of maltreatment experience increased the risk of psychiatric disorder. In multivariate models controlling for all types of victimization and proxies of acculturation, having been beaten and witnessing interpersonal violence remained significant predictors of both disorders, but sexual abuse increased risk of anxiety only. A significant interaction effect of family cultural conflict and witnessing violence on anxiety provided very limited support for the hypothesis that acculturation moderates the influence of maltreatment on mental health outcomes. Implications for culturally relevant prevention and intervention approaches are presented.
本研究分别呈现了美国西班牙裔女性中童年期虐待的流行率，按出生地和族裔分组，并考察了不同类型的虐待与焦虑和抑郁障碍发展之间的关联。分析使用了 1427 名参与全国拉丁裔和亚裔美国人调查的西班牙裔女性的自我报告数据。与土生土长的西班牙裔女性相比，外国出生的西班牙裔女性报告的性侵犯和目睹人际暴力的发生率明显较低，而被打的发生率明显较高。族裔亚组报告的虐待率相似，除了强奸。双变量分析非常一致，无论出生地或族裔亚组如何，每种虐待经历都增加了患精神障碍的风险。在控制所有类型的受害和文化适应代表的多变量模型中，被殴打和目睹人际暴力仍然是这两种障碍的显著预测因素，但性虐待仅增加了焦虑的风险。家庭文化冲突和目睹暴力对焦虑的显著交互作用效应对假设的支持非常有限，即文化适应调节了虐待对心理健康结果的影响。提出了与文化相关的预防和干预方法的意义。
