Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2012 Jun;9(6):568-72. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2011.1080. Epub 2012 May 2.
Listeria monocytogenes has been identified as an important foodborne pathogen in recent years. In humans, it most commonly affects pregnant women, neonates, children, elderly people, and persons with a suppressed immune system. It could contaminate both raw and cooked meat and poultry products. Studies regarding prevalence and risk factors of L. monocytogenes in broilers flocks are limited. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors for L. monocytogenes in poultry flocks in Shiraz, southern Iran. During August to September 2009, in total, 100 broiler flocks were selected at slaughter, and 21 specimens were collected from cloacal samples from each flock. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on the samples enriched in buffered Listeria enrichment broth (BLEB), using specific primers. Furthermore, enriched samples in BLEB and/or BLEB treated with 5% KOH were subcultured on Palcam medium. Data about farm and flocks were collected using a structured questionnaire. The prevalence of L. monocytogenes was 7% (95% CI, 2-12%) and 1% using PCR and culture, respectively. Results showed that using antibiotics during rearing period was dramatically reduced the rate of isolation (odds ratio [OR]=0.07, p=0.03), whereas house capacity of more than 10,000 birds (OR=24.03, p=0.04) and number of houses (OR=2, p=0.02) significantly increased the prevalence. The correlation between poor management of large poultry flocks and increasing the risk of contamination was more likely due to the recontamination of cooked poultry/undercooking or cross-contamination of other ready-to-eat foods.
近年来，李斯特菌已被确定为一种重要的食源性致病菌。在人类中，它最常影响孕妇、新生儿、儿童、老年人和免疫系统受损的人。它可以污染生肉和熟肉及禽肉产品。关于肉鸡群中李斯特菌的流行情况和危险因素的研究有限。因此，本研究旨在确定伊朗南部设拉子家禽群中李斯特菌的流行情况和危险因素。2009 年 8 月至 9 月期间，在屠宰时共选择了 100 个肉鸡群，从每个鸡群的泄殖腔样本中采集了 21 个标本。使用特定引物对在缓冲李斯特菌增菌肉汤（BLEB）中富集的样品进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）。此外，将在 BLEB 中富集的样品和/或用 5%KOH 处理的 BLEB 样品接种在 Palcam 培养基上。使用结构化问卷收集有关农场和鸡群的数据。李斯特菌的流行率分别为 7%（95%CI，2-12%）和 1%，采用 PCR 和培养法。结果表明，在饲养期间使用抗生素可显著降低分离率（比值比[OR]=0.07，p=0.03），而鸡舍容量超过 10000 只（OR=24.03，p=0.04）和鸡舍数量（OR=2，p=0.02）显著增加了流行率。大型家禽群管理不善与污染风险增加之间的相关性很可能是由于熟食/烹调不当或其他即食食品的交叉污染而导致的再次污染。
