Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Addiction. 2012 Nov;107(11):1929-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03926.x. Epub 2012 Jun 15.
In Iran, injecting drug users have been recognized as a high-risk group for HIV/AIDS for years. However, evidence of HIV epidemics in non-injecting drug users (non-IDUs) has also been found in recent years. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the prevalence of HIV in non-IDUs in Iran.
International and regional databanks, including Pubmed, ISI, CINAHL, ASCI and IMEMR, as well as domestic databanks such as IranPsych, IranMedex SID and research reports were searched, and extensive personal contacts were made. All studies with HIV testing conducted between 1998 and 2007, which included non-IDU subjects, were gathered and their qualities were assessed. HIV prevalence was pooled for each gender and stratified to several categories. The prevalence of HIV in non-IDUs and IDUs was compared using pooled odds ratios in a fixed meta-analysis model.
Overall, 10 studies with 2275 non-IDU samples were included. Six of the studies were conducted in prison settings, two in treatment centres, one in a community setting and one in a shelter setting. Four studies were performed in Tehran, the capital city of Iran. The pooled HIV prevalence was 5.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.7-7.4] after 2005, which was significantly higher than the prevalence before 2005 [1.6% (95% CI 1.0-2.3)]. IDUs were 4.36 (95% CI 2.63-7.24) times more likely to be infected with HIV than non-IDUs.
Iran is facing a major HIV epidemic among non-injecting illicit drug users, which necessitates an urgent preventive response.
在伊朗，注射吸毒者多年来一直被认为是艾滋病毒/艾滋病的高危人群。然而，近年来也发现了非注射吸毒者（非 IDU）中艾滋病毒流行的证据。本系统评价的目的是确定伊朗非 IDU 中的艾滋病毒流行率。
国际和地区数据库，包括 Pubmed、ISI、CINAHL、ASCI 和 IMEMR，以及国内数据库，如 IranPsych、IranMedex SID 和研究报告，都进行了搜索，并进行了广泛的个人联系。收集了 1998 年至 2007 年间进行的所有 HIV 检测研究，这些研究包括非 IDU 受试者，并对其质量进行了评估。按性别和分层为几个类别对 HIV 流行率进行了汇总。使用固定荟萃分析模型，对非 IDU 和 IDU 中的 HIV 流行率进行了比较。
共有 10 项研究纳入了 2275 名非 IDU 样本。其中 6 项研究在监狱环境中进行，2 项在治疗中心进行，1 项在社区环境中进行，1 项在收容所环境中进行。有 4 项研究在伊朗首都德黑兰进行。2005 年后，HIV 总流行率为 5.4%（95%可信区间 3.7-7.4），明显高于 2005 年前的流行率[1.6%（95%可信区间 1.0-2.3）]。IDU 感染 HIV 的可能性是非 IDU 的 4.36 倍（95%可信区间 2.63-7.24）。
伊朗正面临非注射吸毒者中艾滋病毒的大规模流行，这需要紧急采取预防措施。
